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NURS 1345 > Oral, Esophageal, Stomach > Flashcards

Oral, Esophageal, Stomach Flashcards

1
Q

Clotrimazole troches
Nystatin suspension
Chlorhexdine

Are medications for…

A

Stomatitis

Reduce risk of infection

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2
Q

Viscous lidocaine
Diphenhydramine liquid
Aluminum hydroxide, mag hydroxide, simethicone suspension.

Used for…

A

Pain reduction

Stomatitis

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3
Q

PASS acronym is used for….

A

Probable client will have swallowing difficulties

Account for previous swallowing problems

Screen for S/S

Speech-language pathologist

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4
Q

Use alcohol based mouthwash for Stomatitis

True or False

A

False

This will hurt

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5
Q

Red velvety mucosal lesion

Name

Cancerous?

A

Erythroplakia

Pre-cancerous

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6
Q

Thickened white firmly attached patches

Incidences Raise with Tobacco

Name/ Cancerous?

A

Leukoplakia

Most are benign

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7
Q

Oral hairy leukoplakia is seen in which type of patients

A

With compromised immune system

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8
Q

Most common type of oral cancer

On most parts of oral cavity

A

Squamous Cell carcinoma

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9
Q

This oral cancer is found mostly on the lips

Related to sunlight exposure

Doesn’t Metastasis but can involve skin of face

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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10
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

Vascular tumor

Purple, Red, Brown nodule or plaque

Associated with AIDS

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11
Q

Oral care how often

A

Q2h

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12
Q

Sialadenitis is….

A

inflammation or infection of the salivary glands

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13
Q

Esophageal spasm can lead to

Achalasia

Which is…

A

rare swallowing disorder that makes it difficult for food and liquid to pass from the esophagus into the stomach.

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14
Q

To diagnose esophageal spasm use one of these 3 test.

A

Barium swallow, esophageal manometry, upper GI endoscopy

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15
Q

Treatments for this disease include

Botulinum toxin injection
Muscle relaxant
Dilation procedures
Surgery

A

Esophageal spasm

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16
Q

Myotomy is….

A

a surgical procedure that involves cutting muscle fibers to weaken the lower esophageal sphincter (LES).

The LES is a ring of muscle at the bottom of the esophagus that allows food and liquids to pass into the stomach

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17
Q

Treatments for this disease include surgical resection or myotomy

A

Esophageal diverticula

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18
Q

Barrett’s esophagus is….

A

usually the result of repeated exposure to stomach acid. It’s most often diagnosed in people with long-term gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

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19
Q

odynophagia

A

Painful swallowing

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20
Q

Globus…

A

a persistent or intermittent non-painful sensation of a lump or foreign body in the throat

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21
Q

Pyrosis =

A

Heartburn

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22
Q

For Gerd avoid medication that lowers LES.

These include

A

Oral contraceptive, anticholinergic, sedatives, NSAIDS, nitrates, calcium channel blockers

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23
Q

Gerd

Drug therapy

(3)

A

Antacids, Maalox, Mylanta, Gaviscon

Histamine Blockers: Famotidine, Climetidine

PPI: Suffix (Prazole) Priolosec

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24
Q

PPI may have this adverse side effect with older adults

A

Interfer with calcium absorption

Broken hips / brittle bones

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25
Q

Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication

&

LINX Refux Management System
Device that augments the LES with a ring of magnets (CAUTION MRI)

Are used for which condition

A

GERD

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26
Q

Gastric volvulus is…

A

a rare condition that occurs when the stomach rotates more than 180 degrees, causing a closed-loop obstruction that can lead to incarceration and strangulation

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27
Q

Hiatal Hernia

Type 1 & 2 describe and name.

Which is a higher risk for volvulus

What is the major concern for type 1

A

Type 1 (Sliding): Less serious

Type 2 - 4 (paraesophageal or rolling) more serious

Type 2 of risk for volvulus

Type 1 major concern Gerd

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28
Q

This mineral maybe lacking in paraesophageal or rolling hernias

A

Iron

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29
Q

Diagnostic for hiatal Hernia (3)

A

Barium, EGD, manometry HRM with esophageal pressure topography

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30
Q

Primary focus after HH repair is…

A

Prevent respitory complications

Elevate HOB 30°
Ambulate ASAP
Splinting when coughing

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31
Q

Most esophageal tumors are

Benign/ Malignant

A

Malignant

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32
Q

Diets high in nitrates can cause this problem

A

Esophageal Tumors

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33
Q

Esophageal Tumors can be detected with…

A

EGD with biopsy

PET scan

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34
Q

Photodynamic & porfimer therapy are examples of this type of care with esophageal Tumors

A

Palliative

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35
Q

After esophagectomy the risk increase with preop radiation.

After extubation assist with coughing/ deep breathing

How often?

Assess breath sounds, How Often?

A

Q 1-2 h

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36
Q

Why might a patient with chronic gastritis develop Pernicious anemia

A

Intrinsic factor lost

Needed for B12 absorption

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37
Q

Dyspepsia is the medical term for …

A

indigestion

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38
Q

Melena & Hematemesis are S/S of this acute disease

A

Gastritis

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39
Q

Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is…

A

discontinuation in the inner lining of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract because of gastric acid secretion or pepsin

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40
Q

Gastritis/ PUD drug therapy

Magnesium/ Aluminum hydroxide

Assess for CKD / HF

Action

A

Increases Ph of gastric contents

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41
Q

Gastritis/ PUD drug therapy

Famotide
Nizatidine

Action

A

Lower gastric acid by blocking histamine

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42
Q

Gastritis/ PUD drug therapy

Sucralfate
Bismuth subsalicylate

Action / Precaution

A

Mucosal Barrier fortifiers

Don’t give with Aspirin
Because it is an Aspirin

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43
Q

PPI (prazole) supress gastric acid secretions

Precaución

Assess for this body system impairment

A

Don’t crush

Liver impairment

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44
Q

Prostaglandin analogs are not common

They lower gastric acid secretions & stimulate mucosal protection

Misoprostol

When are they given?
Avoid giving with which medication
Don’t give them to this type of patient

A

To clients receiving NSAIDS

Avoid magnesium-containing antacids

Not for pregant

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45
Q

Peptic Ulcer Disease is caused by H. Pylori or….

A

Long term NSAID use

46
Q

Most serious complications of PUD

A

Hemorrhage

47
Q

Rigid board-like abdomen with rebound tenderness and pain = peritonitis

This is a common symptom with…

A

PUD PEPTIC ULCER DISEASE

48
Q

Robinul Injection (glycopyrrolate) is

This type of medication

Used to treat…

A

an anticholinergic

conditions such as peptic ulcers that involve excessive stomach acid production

49
Q

Versed is which type of medication

A

Benzodiazepine
midazolam

50
Q

Stomach is located in this quadrant

51
Q

Pancreas is located…

A

Behind stomach LUQ

52
Q

Liver located in this quadrant

53
Q

Gall bladder is located

A

Behind liver RUQ

54
Q

Lower right quadrant pain is associated with …

55
Q

If area of pain is noted this area is examined first

True or False

A

False

It is examined last

56
Q

List physical assessment for GI

A

Inspection
Ausculation
Percussion
Palpation

57
Q

Ausculation is performed with this side of the stethoscope _____

Because bowel sounds are ____ pitched

A

Diaphragm

High pitched

58
Q

Timing of bowel sound intervals

A

Every 5 - 15 secs

5 - 30 per minute

59
Q

Increased bowel sounds (aka) ____ is heard in patients with diarrhea

A

Borborygmus

60
Q

____ is done by APN to determine size of solid organs

A

Percussion

61
Q

Most often cause of anemia

62
Q

Increased AST, ALT, PT all indicate this problem

A

Liver disorder

63
Q

Elevations in amylase & lipase may indicate….

A

ACUTE Pancreatitis

64
Q

Elevated serum ammonia may indicate that ammonia isn’t being converted to Amino acids or Urea

What organ is damaged

65
Q

Possible Problem

Decreased Calcium <9

A

Malabsorption

Kidney failure

Acute Pancreatitis

66
Q

Possible Problem

Decreased K <3.5

A

Vomiting

GI suction

Diarrhea

67
Q

Possible Problem

Albumin <3.5

A

Hepatic disease

68
Q

Possible Problem

Increased Bilirubin >1

A

Hemolysis

Biliary obstruction

Liver damage

69
Q

Possible Problem

Ammonia >80

A

Hepatic disease

Cirrhosis

70
Q

Possible Problem

Cholesterol

Both increase/ decrease

200 normal

A

Increase >200 pancreas

Decreasec<200 liver cell damage

71
Q

Urine test look for (2)

A

Increased amylase = Acute Pancreatitis

Urobilinogen = hepatic / Biliary obstruction

72
Q

How often gFOBT / FIT test

73
Q

Foods to avoid before guaiac test

A

Raw fruit and vegetables/ red meat

74
Q

More reliable gFOBT or FIT test

75
Q

Stool cytotoxic assay and culture can be used to find these types of problems

A

Parasites

C diff

76
Q

Better more reliable choice

Cytotoxic assay or stool culture

A

Cytotoxic assay

Quicker

77
Q

Enzyme- linked immunosorbentnl assay (ELISA) is used for…

78
Q

Plain film of the abdomen is….

A

First X ray study used for GI problems

79
Q

Sigmoidoscopy every ___ years

Colonoscopy every ___ years

80
Q

CT scan with contrast medium

Ask for these allergies

NPO

A

Iodine / Shellfish

NPO 4 hrs prior

81
Q

Is ibuprofen an NSAID

82
Q

Before an EGD a patient is NPO 6 - 8 Hrs.

May they take their HTN meds in the AM?

83
Q

Types of meds to avoid before EGD

A

NSAIDS / Anticoagulant

84
Q

During EGD, RR is <10 nurses intervention

A

Sternal Rub

85
Q

ERCP is used for…

A

Detecting & remove obstruction in liver, gallbladder, bile ducts, pancreas

86
Q

Sclerotherapy is used to…

A

Stop Bleeding

87
Q

Start colonoscopy at which age

A

50

Every 10 years colonoscopy

88
Q

Why would atropine be used during a colonoscopy

A

To raise heart rate

Resulting from vagal response

89
Q

Post op priority for EGD

A

Prevent aspiration

90
Q

Thyroxine-binding prealbumin (PAB) is used for…

Normal range

A

A plasma protein

Nutritional deficiency

15 - 36 mg/dL
150 - 360 mg/L

91
Q

Cholesterol below is an indication of malnutrition

92
Q

Does lymphocyte numbers vary with malnutrition

A

Yes

Below 1500/mm³ = malnutrition

93
Q

Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to inability to ingest or digest food or absorb nutrients

Is the priority nursing diagnosis for malnutrition

T or F

94
Q

Edentulous means…

95
Q

Medical nutrition supplements MNS ____ is used for diabetic patent

96
Q

Hemodynamic compromise:

Peritonitis, sever / acute pancreatitis, intestinal blockage, intractable vomit/ diarrhea, paralytic illeus

TEN: Total entrrnal nutrition is prescribed

T ir F

97
Q

Check residual stomach content

How often

98
Q

Blood urea nitrogen, serum electrolytes, hemacrit, prealbumin & glucose

Should be monitored during this type of feeding

99
Q

Diarrhea may occur when a (hypo/hyper) osmolar enternal preparation is delivered too quickly

100
Q

Most common electrolyte complications with eternal feedings

A

Hyperkalemia/ hyponatremia

101
Q

Parental feeding are at risk for this fluid imbalance

Leading to this

A

Dehydration

Due to hyperosmolar fluid

102
Q

Iron can cause

Diarrhea or Constipation

A

Constipation

103
Q

A subtraction of 500 calories weekly will produce this much weight loss

A

1 lb weekly

104
Q

BMI of

Or

BMI with co-morbidities

Is an indication for drug therapy

105
Q

Orlistat (Xenical)

Are used for

How?

A

Treatment of obesity

Lipase inhibitor

106
Q

Lorcaserin (Belviq)

Is an anti obesity drug

How does it work?

A

Activate serotonin 2C receptor

Decrease appetite

107
Q

Anorectic drugs should not be taken by patients with which disease

A

HTN, Heart Disease, Hyperthyroidism

Worsens symptoms

108
Q

Primary role of nurse in bariatric surgery

A

Reinforce health teachings in prep for surgery

109
Q

LSG weight loss surgery described

A

The Ghrelin secreting portion of stomach removed

Less effective long term than Restrictive Surgery

110
Q

Most common Malabsorption surgery

A

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

111
Q

After weight loss surgery monitor for

Back,shoulder,ab pain
Restlessness
Tachycardia/ oliguria

S/S of…

A

Anastomic leaks

Serious

NURS 1345 (12 decks)

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