Kach: GI Motility Flashcards
Laxatives aka _____
Are used to
Prevent straining, before diagnostic procedures, remove poison & Flush helminths from system
Cathartic
Types of Laxatives include
Stimulants which…
Bulk Forming
Osmotic Laxatives
Lubricant
Chemically irritate the bowels
Increase the size
Pull water into GI tract
Coat and MAKE Gi Tract slippery
____ is the laxative of choice for older adults due to the reduction of cholesterol levels
Psyllium
These Laxatives directly stimulate the nerve plexus in internal wall causing increased reflexes.
Chemical Stimulants
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Castor oil (generic)
Senna (Senokot)
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Castor oil (generic)
Senna (Senokot)
Which type…
Work how..
Chemical Stimulants
Stimulate the nerve plexus in intestine to increase movement
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
Castor oil (generic)
Senna (Senokot)
How long do these Laxatives take to work
Castor oil 2 - 6 hrs
Rest 6 - 8 hrs
Contradicted
Acute abdominal disorders
Appendicitis, diverticulitis, bowel obstruction, UC.
Use caution with heart block, CAD
Stimulants Laxatives
Adverse effects of Stimulats Laxative
Cathartic dependence
Cathartic dependence: Need for Laxative to poop
Mineral oil blocks
Absorption of fat
Encopresis
A condition in which a child resists having bowel movements, causing impacted stool
Methylcellulose (Citrucel)
Polycarbophil (Fibercon)
Psyllium (Metamucil)
Are which type of Laxatives
Bulk forming
Bulk forming Laxatives
Methylcellulose (Citrucel)
Polycarbophil (Fibercon)
Psyllium (Metamucil)
Work by
Increase size of fecal matter which helps pull more fluid inside the intestines.
Can also be used to treat diarrhea
This precaution when taking a Bulk Forming Laxatives
Drink atleast 8 oz water
Magnesium Sulfate (Epsom Salt)
Magnesium Citrate
Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesium)
Lactulose (Constilac, Cholac)
Lactitol
Polyethylene glycol
Sodium picosulfate with Magnesium oxide and Citric Acid
Are this type of medication
That have this effect
Osmotic Laxatives
These Laxatives draw more water into the GI tract and stimulate GI motility
Osmotic Laxatives
Magnesium Sulfate (Epsom Salt)
Magnesium Citrate
Magnesium Hydroxide (Milk of Magnesium)
Lactulose (Constilac, Cholac)
Lactitol
Polyethylene glycol
Sodium picosulfate with Magnesium oxide and Citric Acid
____ is a saltless osmotic Laxatives that pulls fluid out of the venous system and into the Lumen of the small intestine
Lactulose
Used to treat hepatic Encephalopathy Liver Diseases
Milk of Magnesia is a combination of these two GI meds
Osmotic Laxatives & Antacid
Docusate
Glycerin
Mineral oil
Are all these type of medication
When to give these types of medications
Lubricants
Hemorrhoids
Recent rectal surgery
Docusate
How it works
Lubricant
(Colace)
Detergent action on surface of intestine, increasing admixtures of fat & water making stool softer
Glycerin is…
Lubricant
Hyperosmolar laxative used in suppository form
Evacuate the rectum but not the small intestine
Frequent use of _____ can interfere with absorption of vitamins A, D,E, K
Mineral oil
Fat soluble
Which patient’s should not strain when making a BM
Surgery, MI, obstetrical birth
Alvimopan (Entereg)
Methylnaltrexone bromide (Relistor)
Naloxegol (Movantik)
Naldemedine (Symproic)
Are these types of medications
Opoid Antagonist
Used to make people using opoids poop
All opioid Antagonist are indicated to treat opioid induced Constipation with chronic noncancer pain
Except, _____ which is used post bowel resection surgery
Alvimopan
Generalized GI Stimulants include this medication
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
For rapid bowel movement use Metoclopramide which is a GI stimulate.
How does it work
Blocks dopamine & makes GI cells more sensitive to acetylcholine
This type of Laxatives cannot be used by patients with tardive dyskinesia, seizures, or depression due to the development of these issues with this medication
Metoclopramide (GI stimulate)
Drug interactions
Avoid alcohol- seizures/Sedation
Antipsychotics
MAOI = HTN
Metoclopramide
Bismuth subsalicylate
Crofelemer (Mytesi)
Loperamide
Opium derivatives
This class of medication
Antidiarrheal
Antidiarrheal
Slow
Direct action on lining of GI tract to inhibit local reflexes
Direct action on muscles of the GI tract
Action on CNS centers that cause GI spasm and slowing
Direct action on lining of GI tract to inhibit local reflexes (bismuth subsalicylate)
Direct action on muscles of the GI tract (loperamide)
Action on CNS centers that cause GI spasm and slowing (opium)
Which type of patients in general shouldn’t receive Laxatives
Acute GI problems ( -itis)
Blockages
Alosetron (Lotronex)
Eluxadoline (Viberzil)
Used to treat
IBS with Diarrhea
Linaclotide (Linzess)
Lubiprostone (Amitiza)
Plecanatide (Trulance)
Prucaloptide (Motegrity)
Tegaserod (Zelnorm)
Used to treat…
IBS
Constipation
Linoclotide & plecanatide have this warning
Not for use in children
Used to treat IBS Constipation
Prucalopride & tegaserod
Treats IBS Constipation
Have these adverse affects
Self harm / Suicide
Eluxadoline
Treats IBS with diarrhea
Has this adverse side effects
Pancreatitis
Alosetron & Eluxadoline maybe used to treat ___ associated with IBS.
Lubiprostone can be used to treat ____ related to IBS
Alosetron & Eluxadoline maybe used to treat DIARRHEA associated with IBS.
Lubiprostone can be used to treat CONSTIPATION related to IBS
