GI PowerPoint Flashcards
_____ uses a scope and camera to observe (esophagus, stomach and the first part of your small intestine).
_____ uses a scope to observe further down the intestine
Endoscopy
Enteroscopy
An esophageal stricture is
narrowing of the esophagus, or throat, that can make it difficult to swallow
_____ based fecal Occult blood test (gFOBT)
Guiac
_____ is a minimally invasive medical procedure that examines the large intestine from the rectum
to the sigmoid colon, the part of the colon closest to the rectum.
sigmoidoscopy
Steatorrhea is
Excess fat in feces. It can cause stools to be bulky, difficult to flush, pale, oily, and foul-smelling.
Order of physical assessment for GI
Inspection
Ausculation
Percussion
Palpation
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), also known as an upper GI endoscopy, is a procedure that examines ….
the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (first part of the small intestine
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a procedure that uses ….
To examine
an endoscope and X-rays
to examine and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts
A small bowel capsule endoscopy…
Patient swallows a capsule containing a camera
noninvasive diagnostic procedure that allows a doctor to see inside the digestive tract
A liver-spleen scan, also known as a liver scan is….
a nuclear medicine procedure that uses a small amount of radioactive material to check for abnormal areas in the liver or spleen
Bulging pulsating abdominal mass or a bruit is heard during Ausculation
What can the cause be
Special precautions
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
DONT TOUCH
Oncofetal antigens are
Antigens found in both fetuses and adult cancer patients
Normal urine contains some urobilinogen.
Too much urobilinogen in urine may be a sign of a ….
Little or no urobilinogen may be a sign of other problems with your …..
liver disease, such as hepatitis or cirrhosis, or certain types of anemia.
liver, gallbladder, or bile ducts. Urobilinogen comes from bilirubin
The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is
Preformed yearly
a screening test for colon cancer that looks for blood in stool samples
EGD Endoscopy
Prep
Hold….
NPO?
Remove….
IV needed?
Sedation?
Hold NSAIDS
NPO
Remove dentures
IV needed
Moderate Sedation
EGD Endoscopy
Post
NPO?
VS?
Side rails up?
Monitor for?
No Driving?
NPO until gag reflex returns
VS Q 15 min
Side rails up
Monitor for Pain, Bleeding, Fever
No driving 12 - 18 hrs
Priority care for Post EGD
Prevent aspiration
NPO until gag reflex returns
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
PRE & POST Care same as EGD
Teach family to monitor for…
Cholecystitis or cholangitis
Gallbladder inflammation or infection
Small Bowel Capsule Endoscopy
Prep
NPO?
When can they start to consume fluid and foods?
NPO 12 Hrs (includes fluids)
Remain NPO 2 hrs into test
Clear fluids after 2 hrs
Light lunch 4 hours into test
Colonoscopy
Prep
Hold….
Anticoagulant/ NSAIDS
you know the rest of the prep
Colonoscopy
POST
NPO?
VS?
Posistion?
Side rails up?
Monitor for (3)
Driver required?
NPO until Sedation wears off
VS Q 15 mins
Lie on left side
Monitor: Hemorrhage, Pain, Low BP
DRIVER REQUIRED
Liver- Spleen Scan
Radioactive tracer given via IV
Eliminated in urine 24hrs
Avoid in which patient’s?
Teach?
Avoid in pregant
Teach: lie still in exam & wash hands carefully after toilet
Vegan diets can predispose people to anemia from lack of…
Vitamin B12
Ideal BMI range
18.6 - 24.9
Underweight BMI
<18.5
Overweight BMI
25 - 29.9
Obese BMI
> 30
Marasmus
Kwashiorkor
Starvation
3 forms of protein undernutrition
Marasmus is a
deficiency of all macronutrients: carbohydrates, fats, and protein
Kwashiorkor
Protein malnutrition
is mostly found in people living in geographical areas that have limited food resources