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NURS 1345 > MISC PowerPoint Lecture > Flashcards

MISC PowerPoint Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Splenomegaly happens from..

A

Portal hypertension

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2
Q

What are varices

A

Distended blood vessels

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3
Q

Levels of ammonia

A

Children older than 1 month: Less than 50 micromol/L
Adults: Less than 30 micromol/L

100 micromol /L can lead to changes in consciousness.

200 micromol /L is associated with coma and convulsion

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4
Q

How much sodium should a person have per day

A

1,500 milligrams - 2,300 mg,

about 1 teaspoon of salt.

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5
Q

Who can sterilize your bowles?

A

Neocan

Neomycin: suppression of normal GI flora / treatment hepatic Encephalopathy

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6
Q

Neomycin used to sterilize bowels and treat hepatic Encephalopathy

Is this kind of antibiotic….

Serious side effects include (2)

A

Aminoglycosides

Ototoxic/ Nephrotoxic

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7
Q

Avoid combination of Aminoglycosides & this type of medication due to synergistic Ototoxic damage

A

Loop diuretics

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8
Q

Rifaximin is used to treat….

How does it do so?

Which liver disease does it help to correct

A

Travlers Diarrhea

Directly affects E. coli

Hepatic Encephalopathy. Lowers ammonia levels

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9
Q

Lactulose is used to treat which liver disease

How?

A

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Binds ammonia to the poop and you poo it out

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10
Q

Brand name: Reglan

A

Metoclopramide

Makes you poo quick

Miscarriage is an adverse side effect

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11
Q

Medication of choice in hospital for post-op ilesu

A

Alvimopan

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12
Q

Assess NG tube every ___ hours for:

Proper placement
Tube patency
Output

A

4 hrs

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13
Q

Start Colorectal screening at ___ without family history

Age ___ with family history

A

45

40

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14
Q

Which screenings to get done and when for colorectal cancer

A

FOBT yearly
CT colonoscopy/ Sigmoid 5 years
Colonoscopy 10 years

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15
Q

Which GI problem relates to anxiety/ depression and is 2-3x more likely in women than men

A

IBS

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16
Q

Labs:

CBC, serum albumin, ESR, stool for OB

Hydrogen breath test

For which disease….

Normal values

A

CBC: Hgb 14 - 17 M , 12 - 15 F
Hct: 40 - 50% M 36 - 44 % F

Albumin: 3.4 to 5.4 g/dL

Low Albumin is associated with 3rd spacing

High Albumin is associated with dehydration

ESR

Men under 50: Less than 15 mm/hr
Men over 50: Less than 20 mm/hr
Women under 50: Less than 20 mm/hr
Women over 50: Less than 30 mm/hr
Children: Less than 10 mm/hr
Newborns: 0–2 mm/hr

High ESR levels are associated with Inflammatory response

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17
Q

Elevated intra-abdominal pressure

Elevates systemic and portal venous pressure

Elevates anorectal vein pressure

Distended vessels prolapse becoming….

A

Hemorrhoids

18
Q

Conservative treatments

Cold packs
Sitz baths
Topical anesthesia
Lidocaine
Dibucaine

Steroids for itching/ inflammation
Hydrocortisone

High fiber diet

Stool softener (Colace)

For which disease….

A

Hemorrhoids

19
Q

Peritonitis

WBC
Hgb & Hct

A

WBC: UP (Normal)
4,500 and 11,000 WBCs per microliter of blood

Hgb Lower (Normal)
Women 12 - 16 Men 14 - 18

Hct Lower (Normal)
Hgb x 3
Women 36 - 44% Men 40 - 50%

20
Q

Renal function is impaired with Peritonitis

Describe values for…

GFR
BUN

A

Levels increase with abnormal

90–120 mL/min/1.73 m2:Normal GFR for an adult male

BUN: 8 - 22

21
Q

Peritonitis intervention

Minitor for shock
Hypotension
Tachycardia/penia
Pulse pressure down

Administer these types of fluids

A

Hypertonic

22
Q

Describe wound healing by primary, secondary, and tirtery intention

A

Primary: Clean surgical cuts, put together by staples or stitches

Secondary: Left open to heal because wound edges won’t reach eachother

Tirtery: Combination of 1 & 2
Left open to heal until they can be sewn back together

23
Q

Maxium amount of Tylenol per day

A

4,000 mg

24
Q

Acute inflammation of veriform appendix

Slowly =

Rapid =

A

Slowly = abscess

Rapid = peritonitis (emergency)

25
Q

With gastroenteritis from food poisoning (Norovirus)

What is the Nursing Safety Priority

A

Monitor for Dehydration

26
Q

Gastroenteritis these types of medications may be ordered

A

Antibiotics

Ciprofloxacin

Azithromycin

27
Q

UC assessment

Hgb / hct

WBC

C-reactive protein (CRP)

ESR

Na, K, Cl

Albumin

A

UC assessment

Hgb / hct (Down)
<12 Hgb
<36%

WBC UP
> 12,000

C-reactive protein (CRP) UP
>1 or >0.3 depende

ESR UP

> 20 males >30 female

Na, K, Cl DOWN
NA < 135
K < 3.5
Cl<96 Normal 96 to 106

Albumin LOW
< 3.5

28
Q

Normal chloride levels

A

96 to 106

29
Q

Sulfasalazine

Mesalamine

Drug class

Action

Taken for which disease

A

Aminosalicylates (also called 5-aminosalicylic acids or 5-ASA) are

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) given to control inflammation

UC or Crohns

30
Q

Prednisone

Budesonide

Drug class

Action

A

Glucocortidicoids

Stops inflammation

31
Q

diphenoxylate hydrochloride and atropine sulfate

Are used to treat

A

Diarrhea

Anti motility medicine

32
Q

Flaxseed & Selenium maybe used complementary for which disease

A

UC

33
Q

Stricture and deep ulceration (cobblestone appearance) describes the bowels in

A

Crohns

34
Q

RBC lab values

A

5 to 6 million cells per microliter (cells/mcL) for men and 4 to 5 million cells/mcL for women.

35
Q

Where is pain felt in Crohns disease

A

CONSTANT RLQ & around umbilicus before / after BM

36
Q

Priority for a patient with a fistula

A

Nutrition / Fluid

Electrolyte balance (Hypokalemia)

37
Q

Patients with crohns BOL for…

A

Peritonitis, small bowel obstruction, nutritional/ Fluid imbalance

38
Q

Where is pain felt in Diverticulitis

A

LLQ

39
Q

Are antibiotics given for diverticulitis

A

Yes, metronidazole with:
TMZ or ciprofloxacin

40
Q

High fiber diet will help diverticulitis flare ups

A

False, lower fiber during flare ups then once resolved you may have higher fiber

NURS 1345 (12 decks)

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