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DEOH102 > Oral environment /dental plaque > Flashcards

Oral environment /dental plaque Flashcards

1
Q

Name things found within the oral environment

A

Teeth/gingivia/palate
Tongue and parts - papillae /lyphoid tissues ( tonsils)
Saliva and Gingivae crevicular fluid
Microorganism
Food and nutritional requirements

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2
Q

What is a biofilm

A

complex structure of micro-communities

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3
Q

Name 2 known dental carie microbes

A

Streptococcus mutant- Gram positive
Lactobacilli

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4
Q

What causes denture stomatitis

A

Candidia albicans ( yeast (fungus))

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5
Q

Name 2 microbes that are dental friends

A

St. Salivarius
S. sanguines
S. mitins

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6
Q

Name 3 requirements for microbe colonisation

A

Nutritional requirements
Adherence to withstand local clearance mechanisms eg saliva flow rate ,lysozymes ,gingival crevicular fluid and IgG immunoglobulins
Tolerance to environment conditions- e.g pH , lysozymes

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7
Q

What is an aerobic microbe mean

A

needs atmospheric Oxygen levels ( unusual in mouth

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8
Q

What does micro-aerophilic mean

A

Prefer low oxygen levels

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9
Q

What does capnophilic mean

A

prefer low oxygen high CO2 levels

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10
Q

What’s a facultative anaerobic microbe

A

One that grows in both aerobic and anerobic conditions

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11
Q

What’s an obligate anaerobe

A

Poisoned by oxygen

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12
Q

What’s an aerotolerant microbe

A

has anaerobic metabolism however not sensitive to oxygen

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13
Q

What 4 environment areas can microbes attach

A

Tooth surface
Gingival crevice
Hard palate
Mucosal surfaces

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14
Q

What is the significance of dental plaque

A

causes dental caries
gingivitis
periodontal disease

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15
Q

What is the definition of a dental plague

A

a biofilm , complex microbial community found on a tooth surface embedded in a matrix of polymers of bacteria and salivary origin

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16
Q

Can you remove plaque with a jet of water

A

NO

17
Q

What is materia alba

A

A white deposit that can be removed by a jet of water

18
Q

What is the composition of plaque

A

80-90% metabolising bacteria
10-20 % inter microbial matrix ( bacteria and salivary polymers)

19
Q

How do plaques develop

A

Tooth surface COLONISED by bacteria adhering to the acquired pellicle surface by receptors
Pellicle selectively absorbs salivary macromolecules

Initially attachment weak but bacteria make extracellular polysaccharides so becomes sticky and more adherence to surface occurs -more bacteria join
Nutrition via foods and changes to pH favouring these bacteria increase the survival and they start to make lactic acid which starts tooth decay demineralisation process

20
Q

Name 4 locations plaque deposits

A

Smooth surface plaque on tooth surface
Fissure plaque
Gingival plaque
Approximate plaque

21
Q

Describe 5 details of supra gingival plaque

A

Bathed in saliva
Carbohydrate fermenters( acidogenic)
Microaerophilic’
Gram +ve cocci or filamentous
Cause dental caries

22
Q

Describe 5 details of subginigivial palque

A

Bathed in gingival crevicular fluid
Breakdown protein ( proteolytic and saccharolytic- stinky )
Anaerobic’
Gram -ve rods /fusiforms
Cause periodontal disease

23
Q

What’s a dental calculus

A

Non viable mineralised adherent calcified deposit on teeth and other solid structures
Associated with periodontal disease

24
Q

Name 4 nutritional sources to mouth bacteria

A

Hosts diet - carbohydrates/proteins/lipids
Hosts damaged cells
Bacteria - other bacteria - dead or alive
Oral secretions -saliva ( supra gingival )
-gingival crevicular fluid ( subgingival )

25
Q

What is gingival crevicular fluid

A

an inflammatory exudate from periodontal tissues.
Its composed of serum and locally generated materials (tissue breakdown products, inflammatory mediators, and antibodies directed against dental plaque bacteria. )

26
Q

why is gingival crevicular fluid important

A

It helps maintain the structure of junctional epithelium and the antimicrobial defense of periodontium.

27
Q

what causes acute necrotic gingivitis

A

Gram -ve anaerobes + stress/smoking factors

28
Q

what is Socranskys red complex

A

Group bacteria causes severe periodontal disease ( P.ginivalis main one )

DEOH102 (25 decks)

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