Blood

Question 1

What is blood composed of
(KNOW)

Answer 1

55% Plasma -water 90%
-solutes 10% (protein/clotting factors
/Antibodies)

45% Formed elements
-platelets(<1%)-clotting
-Leukocytes(white bed cell) 1% -infection defence
-erythrocytes(red blood cell) 99%- carry O2/antigen on membrane for ABO blood grouping

Question 2

Name 3 functions of Blood w

Answer 2

1. Transport of gases ( oxygen and carbon dioxide )
2. Homeostasis ( mainatain body consistency - pH/body temp
3. Defence - immune system ( brings cells in to destroy invaders )

Question 3

what is another name for leucocytes

Answer 3

White blood cells

Question 4

What are 2 main types of leucocytes

Answer 4

Neutrophils
Lymphocytes

Question 5

What are erythrocytes and their structure/properties

Answer 5

Red blood cells
No nucleus , no mitochondria, no ribosomes
Mostly haemoglobin to carry oxygen /carbon dioxide
Antigens on cell membrane form ABO group
Flexible (change shape ) due to spectrin fibers

Question 6

What is it called if have too little red blood cells

Answer 6

Anaemia

Question 7

What is the job of red blood cells

Answer 7

Carry oxygen to body (on haemoglobin)
Contain Antigens on membrane( ABO blood group)

Question 7

What is it called if you have too much red blood cells

Answer 7

Polycythemia

Question 8

Where are blood cells made

Answer 8

Red bone marrow by HAEMATOPOIESIS

Question 9

what causes blood to clot

Answer 9

Platelets and formation fibrin from fibrinogen ( caused by thrombin )

Question 10

Name how you would have the blood group A

Answer 10

Have A antigen on red blood cell membranes and B antibody in your plasma

Question 11

Why can you not give type A blood person a type B blood

Answer 11

The B antibody in the plasma ( blood ) of the Type A person will recognise the B antigen on the provided blood and so fight it causing it to “stick “ - can lead to death

Question 12

What is the universal blood donor blood and why

Answer 12

Type O - as contains NO antigens on cell membranes so when placed in a persons body that person Ab won’t attack as no Ag on the red blood cells to be seen as foreign

Question 13

What is the universal recipient blood and why

Answer 13

Type AB - as no antibodies in their blood so when any blood given to their body no antibodies in their blood to recognise and fight the antigen in the provided blood