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IHP 1001 > Oral Cavity Histology > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Histology Flashcards

1
Q
  • Physically and functionally external to the body
  • Segments are specialized for **specific aspects of digestion and absorption
    **
A

Allimentary Canal

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2
Q
  • Tongue
  • teeth
  • salivary glands,
  • pancreas
  • liver
  • gallbladder
A

Organs of the GI

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3
Q

Function of?

  • digestive enzymes (pancrease)
  • HCl(stomach)
  • mucin, antibodies
A

Secretion of mucosa

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4
Q

Function of?

  • vitamins
  • water
  • electrolytes
  • bile component
  • cholesterol
A

Absorbtion function of mucosa

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5
Q

function of

prevent entry of noxious substances, antigens, pathogens.

A

Barrier funcion of mucosa

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6
Q

first line of immune defense, innate.

A

Immunological protection of mucosa

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7
Q

What are the 2 primary spaces of the oral cavity?

A
  1. Vestibule
  2. Oral Cavity proper
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8
Q

space between lips, cheeks, and teeth

A

Vestibule

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9
Q

behind teeth, bounded by hard and soft palates, tongue and floor of the mouth, and entrance to oropharynx

A

Oral cavity proper

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10
Q

What are the 3 major paried salivary glands?

A
  1. Parotid
  2. Submandibular
  3. Sublingual
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11
Q

What are the minor salivary glands?

aggregations of lymphatic nodules

A
  • Waldeyers tonsillar ring
    (paletine, tubal, pharyngeal, lingual)
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12
Q

3 mucousa of the oral cavity?

A
  1. Masticatory
  2. Lining
  3. Specialized
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13
Q

Keratinized and Parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Gingiva and hard palate

A

Masticatory mucosa

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14
Q
  • Generally nonkeratinized, may be parakeratinized
  • Lips, cheeks, alveolar mucosal surface, floor of mouth, inferior surfaces of the tongue, soft palate
  • Covers striated muscle keep under tongue.
A

Lining mucosa

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15
Q
  • Papillae Taste buds
  • Dorsal surface of the tongue
  • Generate chemical sensation of taste
A

Specialized mucosa

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16
Q

keratinized epithelium that has not lost its nucleus, nucleus remains until cell is exfoliated.

A

Parakeritinzied

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17
Q

thick papillary layer of loose connective tissue
* Contains blood vessels and nerves

A

Lamina Propria

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18
Q

3 layers of the lining mucosa

A
  1. Stratum superficiale (surface)
  2. Spinosum (middle), several layers thick
  3. Basale (bottom) single layer
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19
Q

The lining mucosa is highly ___

A

Higly vascularized!

good for oral transmucosal drug delivery

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20
Q

An advatage of high vasculairzation of the lining mucosa is what?

A

Drug enters directly into systemic circulation bypassing the liver (first pass), so lower doses still effective

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21
Q

Linning mucosa

  • Sebaceous glands not associated with a hair follicle
  • Lateral to the corner of the mouth and opposite the molar teeth
A

Fordyce Spots

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22
Q
  • Salivary antimicrobial peptides
  • β-defensins
  • α-defensins
  • Secretory immunoglobulin A

all do what?

A

Function as a protective barrier produced by oral mucosa. Maintain normal oral microbiome

Distruption with xerostomia or immmunocompise BAD

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23
Q

Muscular organ projecting into the oral cavity

A

Tongue

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24
Q

Lingual Muscles

one attachment outside of the tongue

A

Extrinsic muslce

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25
Q

Lingual Muscles

without external attachment

A

Intrinsic muscle

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26
Q

Lingual muscle

arranged in three planes (only muscle in body with this)
* allows flexibility for speech + bolus mvmt

A

Strated muscle of tongue

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27
Q

Dorsal surface of tonfue

Anterior-posterior separated by ____ right behind circumvale papillae

A

sulcus terminalis

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28
Q

apex of sulcus terminalis
Remanent from embryonic formation of thyroid gland

A

Foramen cecum

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29
Q

smallest and most numerous,does NOT contain taste buds

A

Filiform

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30
Q

mushroom-shaped, contains taste buds, more numerous near tongue tip

A

Fungiform

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31
Q

large, dome shaped (8-12), contain taste buds, von Ebner glands empty serous secretions at base

A

Cicumvallate

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32
Q

lateral edge of tongue, become less pronounced with age, contain taste buds

A

Foliate

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33
Q

?

A

Circumvalllate

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34
Q

Cells in taste buds

Most numerous cells in taste buds. Replaced about every 10 days. Sensory cells. Are connected with afferent.

A

neuroepithelial cells

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35
Q

Cells in taste buds

do not synapse with nerve cells, not connected with afferent nerve fibers.

A

Supporting cells

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36
Q

Cells in taste buds

stem cells for sensory and supporting cells

A

basal Cells

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37
Q

What sensation or receptor?

Sweet, salty, bitter, sour, umami

A

Chemical Sensation

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38
Q

What sensation or receptor?

Bitter, sweet, and umami

A

G-protien coupled taste receptors

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39
Q

What sensation or receptor?

Sour

A

Generated by H+ channel

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40
Q

What sensation or receptor?

Salty

A

Generated by Na+ channel

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41
Q

2 ____ produce a wide variety of protiens

A

2 taste receptor genes.

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42
Q

Tongue Nerve Supply

General sensation:
* ant 2/3?

A

Ant 2/3= CN5

gen sen

43
Q

Tongue Nerve Supply

General sensation:
* post 1/3?

A

Post 1/3= CN9/CN10

gen sen

44
Q

Tongue Nerve Supply

Taste:
* Ant 2/3?

A

Ant 2/3= chorda tympani branch of CN7

taste

45
Q

Tongue Nerve Supply

Taste:
* Post 1/3?

A

Post 1/3= CN9/CN10

taste

46
Q

Tongue Nerve Supply

Motor?

A

CN12 hypoglossal

Motor

47
Q

hard, thin, translucent layer of acellular mineralized tissue that covers the crown of the tooth

A

Enamel

Hardest substance in body

48
Q

deep to enamel in the crown and the cementum in the root

A

Dentin

49
Q

thin, pale-yellowish layer of bone-like calcified tissue covering the dentin of the root of the teeth

A

Cementum

50
Q

96-98% if enamel is made of what?

A

calcium hydroxyapatite

50% in bone

51
Q

trend in enamel thickness?

A

Varies, up to 2.5mm on cusp of crowns, thinnest cervically.

52
Q

Explain enamel arrangement

A
  • Rods
  • Parallel to long axis rod
52
Q

In deciduous teeth a line of ____ represents **nutritional changes which take place between pre and post natal life.

**

A

Hypermineralization

53
Q

mineralization (ex. Childhood illnesses, mothers diet during pregnancy) can affect the __ of teeth

A

mineralization in teeth.

54
Q

enamel is produced by _____ process of ____

A

Ameloblast in process of amelogenisis

55
Q

Stages of amelogenesis

formation of mineralized tissues followed by dentin formation

A

matix prodiction

56
Q

Stages of amelogenesis

maturation of mineralized enamel matrix, removal of organic material

A

Matrix mineralization

removal of organic elements

57
Q

Proteins of the developing enamel

establish and maintain the spacing of the enamel rods

A

Amelogenin

58
Q

Proteins of the developing enamel

signaling proteins

A

Ameloblastins

59
Q

Proteins of the developing enamel

proteins distributed throughout the enamel layer for arrangments

A

Enamelins

60
Q

Proteins of the developing enamel

proteins of the dentinoenamel junction

A

Tuftelins

61
Q

Cementum is produced by?

A

Cementoblasts

62
Q
  • Secrete an extracellular matrix called cementoid
  • incorporated into the cementum and become cementocytes
A

Cementoblasts

63
Q

collagen fibers which project from periodontal ligament into cementum

A

Sharpey Fibers

64
Q

Calcified material that forms most of the tooth substance

A

Dentin

65
Q

Dentin is secreted by?

A

Odontoblasts

66
Q
  • Newly secreted organic matrix, closest to odontoblasts
A

Predentin

67
Q

initiates mineralization (helps convert pre dentin to dentin)

A

Dentin phosphoprotein

68
Q

involved in mineralization of dentin

A

Dentin sialoprotein

69
Q
  • Loose connective tissue with rich vascularization and abundant nerve supply
  • Blood Vessels and nerves enter via apical foramen
A

Dental Pulp

70
Q

Nerve fiber enter inner portion of dental tubules and interact with odontoblast processes, how teeth recognized heat and cold via receptros.

A

Sensation of pain

increse substance P

71
Q

thin layer of compact bone which forms the wall of the alveolus
* Attachment site of PDL

A

Alveolar bone proper

72
Q
  • Tooth fixation
  • Tooth support
  • Bone remodeling (during tooth movement)
  • Proprioception
  • Tooth eruption
A

PDL

73
Q

Masicatory mucosa

A

Gingiva mucosa

74
Q

Adhears to tooth

A

JE

75
Q

lined with crevicular epithelium, continuous with junctional epithelium

A

Gingival sulcus

76
Q

All tissues involved in the attachment of a tooth to the maxilla or mandible are a part of the periodontium

A

Periodontum
* Crevicular and junctional epithelium
* Cementum
* Periodontal ligament
* Alveolar bone

77
Q

What are the 3 major salivary glands

A
  1. Parotid
  2. Submandibilar
  3. Sublingual

paired glands with long ducts that empty into the oral cavity

78
Q

What are the 4 minor salivary glands

A
  1. Lingual
  2. Labial
  3. Buccal
  4. Molar
  5. palatine

located in the submucosa of the oral cavity

79
Q

3 types of secratory gland acini>

A
  1. Serous
  2. Mucous
  3. Mixed
80
Q

Only serous cells (parotid, serous secretory production only, watery)

A

Seorus acini

81
Q

Only mucous cells

A

Mucous acini

82
Q

Mixture of serous and mucous cells (submandibular & sublingual)

A

Mixed acini

83
Q

Pyramidal cells
Large amounts of rER, free ribosomes, Golgi

A

Serous Cells

84
Q
  • Mucin-secreting cells
  • Mucus is stored as mucinogen granules
A

Mucous Cells

85
Q
  • Contractile cells at basal aspect of acinar secretory cells
  • Generate contractile force required for ejection of serous or mucous fluid from glands
A

Myoepithelial Cells

86
Q
  • leads from the acinus, **most prominent in glands **which produce watery serous secretion **(parotid) **
  • furthers from oral caviy, connected to cells producing serous & mucous
A

Intercalated duct

87
Q

contains striations (middle portion)

A

Striated ducts

88
Q

portion which empties into the oral cavity, connection from where acinus products are produced

A

Excretory duct

89
Q

completely serous,

A

Parotid gland

90
Q

mixed glands, mostly serous

A

Submandibular gland

91
Q

mixed glands, mostly mucus,

A

Sublingual gland

92
Q

Combined secretions of all major and minor salivary glands

A

Saliva

93
Q

How much saliva per day?

A

1-2L per day
MOISTEN

94
Q

Saliva contains ____ which breaks complex carbs down into sugars

A

α-amylase

95
Q

dry mouth(xerostomia due to medication or autoimmune disease) can result in ____ lack of saliva

A

caries outbreak

96
Q

Saliva is a source of ____ and ____ ions essential for tooth development and maintencnece

A

Calciuma phosphate ions

97
Q

Usually occur in major salivary glands

80% are benign

A

Salivary Gland tumors

98
Q

gustatory sweating and facial flushing whenever you eat.

A

Frey Syndrome as aresult of complication of surgucal treatment of salivary gland tumors

Chicken nuggie sweats

99
Q
  • Systemic autoimmune disease
  • Dry mouth and eyes
  • Alteration of myoepithelial cells reduction in actin (reduces contractile ability of myoepithelial cells, cant push out saliva) in salivary glands
    Reduces saliva flow
A

Primary Sjogren syndrom

100
Q
  • quadrant designated by angles
  • 1-8
A

Palmer system

101
Q
  • two numbers
  • first number for quarant (1-4)
  • second number for tooth (1-8)
A

Internantional system

102
Q
  • Numbering start in upper right quadrant
  • 1-32
A

American system

IHP 1001 (18 decks)

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