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IHP 1001 > CH.5 Epithelial Tissue > Flashcards

CH.5 Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

3 main structure/functions of the epithelium

A
  1. Avascular
  2. Covers ext surfaces and internal cavities
  3. Creates barrier btwn ext envorment and undelying connecitve tissue
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2
Q

WHat are the 3 principle characteristics of epithelial cells?

A
  1. Close to each other, bind via cell juctions
  2. Exhibit functional and morpholoical polarity
  3. Basal structure attache to basment membrane
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3
Q

one-cell layer, thick rests in basement membrane. (can very in shape)

A

SImple

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3
Q

2 or more cell layers (shape of cell on surface determines its classification

A

Stratfied

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4
Q

width of the cell is greater than its height

A

Squamous

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5
Q

width, depth, and height are approximately the same

A

Cuboidal

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6
Q

– the height of the cell exceeds the width

A

Collumnar

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7
Q

appears stratified. Simple epithelium with all cells resting on basement and not all extend to free epithelia surface.

A

Psudostrasifed

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8
Q

stratified and lines lower part of urinary tracts.

A

Transitional urothelum

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9
Q

Endothelium lines? (2)

A
  1. Blood
  2. Lymphatic vessles
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10
Q

Mesothelium lines? (2)

A
  1. Abdomen
  2. Pleural Cavities
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11
Q

Specialized Epithelial Functions

5 specialized functions of epithelium

A
  1. Secretion (stomach
  2. Absorbtion (intestine & kidney)
  3. Transport (bronchial tree)
  4. Mechanical Protection (epidermis)
  5. Receptor Function (taste buds)
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12
Q

Directed toward the exterior surface or lumen

A

Apical Domain

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13
Q

Communicates with adjacent epithelia

A

Lateral Domain

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14
Q

Anchors cell to the basal lamina

A

Basal Domain

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15
Q

Apical Domain Modifications

Actin Filamint core

A

Microvilli

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16
Q

Apical Domain Modifications

Long microvilli

A

Sterocilia

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17
Q

Apical Domain Modifications

Microtubule Bundle

A

Cilia

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18
Q

Function of microvilli (apical)

A
  1. Increase SA for absorbtion
  2. Intesin & Kidney
  3. Long cytoplasmic processes containing core of actin
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19
Q

?

A

Stereocilia (apical)

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20
Q

Features of Stereocillia

A
  • Long microvillia
  • Absorbtion in male reproductive
  • Sensory hair cell inner ear
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21
Q

Cillia are____ they generate motion via ____

A

Motile, activity of dynein

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22
Q

Cillia are what 3 sensors?

nodal important in embryonic dev

A
  1. Chemosensors
  2. Osmosensors
  3. Mechanosensors

in all euk. cells

23
Q

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia are?

A

Family of hereditary disorders

24
Q

an absence of dynein arms in cilia

A

Kartageners syndrom

25
Q

malformation of the radial spokes and dynein arms

A

Young’s Syndrome

26
Q

What is the most prominant symptom of PCD?

A

Chronic respirator disorders like
* Bronchitis
* Sinusitis

deffective cillia

27
Q

Specialized for Cell-to-Cell Adhesion
Unique proteins called cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)

A

Lateral Domain

28
Q

3 types of juntions in the lateral domain?

A
  1. Occluding
  2. Anchoring
  3. Communicating
29
Q
  1. Known as the Zonula Occludens
  2. Created by localized sealing of the plasma membrane between two adjacent cells
  3. Restricts passage of substances btwn cells.
A

Occluding Junctions

Tight Junctions

30
Q
  • interact with the actin filaments inside the cell
  • Provides lateral adhesion between epithelial cells
  • E-cadherin catenin complex.
A

Zona Adherens

Anchoring Junctions

31
Q

interact with intermediate filaments

A

Macula adherens (desmosome)

Anchoring Junctions

32
Q

anchor actin filaments into the basement membrane

A

Focal Adhesions

Anchoring junctions, cell to ECM

33
Q

Anchor intermediate filaments into the basement membrane

A

Hemidesmosomes

Anchoring Cell to ECM

34
Q

Permit direct passage of signaling molecules from one cell to another; transmembrane channels

A

Communicating/ gap junctions

35
Q

Epithelia, smooth/cardiac muscle, and nerves
have what junctions?

A

Gap Junctions

Coordinated activity, 2 half channels

36
Q

Gap junctions allow for exchange of

A

Ions, reg molecules, metabolites etc btwn cells.

37
Q

Proteins called ____ make up gap junctions

Each channel consists of12 subunits

A

connexin

38
Q
  • basment membrane
  • Cell to ECM junctions occur here
A

Basal Domain

39
Q

The basment membrane is ____ positive in LM

A

PAS positive (purple

40
Q

Specialized structure located next to the basal domain of epithelial cells and the underlying connective tissue

A

Basmement membrane

41
Q
  • Collagens
  • Laminin
  • Entactin/nidoge
  • Proteoglycans
    are all components of the?
A

Basment membrane

42
Q

Important sites of signal detection and transduction
Mechanosensitivity

A

Focal Adhesions

43
Q
  • Provide increased adhesion to the basal lamina
  • Cornea, skin, oral cavity mucosa, esophagus
A

Hemidesmosomes

44
Q

Cells that transport fluid have ____ which increase SA for more transport protiens and channels to be present

A

Inflodings

45
Q

Oriention of mitochondria can result in ____ appearance

Happens in salivary gland ducts

A

Straiated appearence

46
Q

Secretion gland? (2)

A
  1. Endocrine
  2. Exocrine
47
Q

Singnaling gland (2)

A
  1. Paracrine
  2. Autrocrine
48
Q

mucous or serous (protein rich water)

Secrete products directly onto a surface or through ducts/tubes connected to a surface, concentrating, removing waste, adding substances.

A

Exocrine gland

49
Q

no ducts
Hormones into blood stream to reach specific receptor on surface of distant cell

A

Endocrine land

50
Q

Secretory product is delivered in membrane-bound vesicles which fuse with the plasma membrane to release their contents by exocytosis

A

Merocrine

Secretion

51
Q

Secretory product is released in the apical portion of the cell surrounded by a thin layer of cytoplasm

A

Apocrine

Secretion

52
Q

Secretory product accumulates within the maturing cell which simultaneously undergoes destruction

A

Holocrine

Secretion

53
Q
  • Very limited signaling range
  • Reach target cells by diffusion
A

Paracrine

54
Q
  • Broad signaling range
  • Travel through bloodstream to distant targets
A

Autocrine

IHP 1001 (18 decks)

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