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Neuro Exam 1 - JLJ > Oral Cavity and Pharynges > Flashcards

Oral Cavity and Pharynges Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the gingivae?

A

Surrounds necks of teeth and covers alveolar processes

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2
Q

What is the function of the hard palate?

A

Forms anterior 2/3 of roof of mouth separates oral cavity from nasal cavity

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3
Q

What is the function of the lips?

A

Close oral cavity during chewing

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4
Q

What is the function of the salivary glands?

A

Produce saliva

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5
Q

What is the function of the soft palate?

A

Forms posterior 1/3 of roof of mouth; helps close off opening to nasopharynx when swallowing

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6
Q

What is the function of the teeth?

A

Mastication

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7
Q

What is the function of the tongue?

A

Pushes food against palate to turn it into a bolus; detects tastes via taste buds

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8
Q

What is the function of the tonsils?

A

Detect antigens in swallowed food and drink and initiate immune response if necessary

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9
Q

What is the function of the vestibule?

A

Space where ingested materials are mixed with saliva and mechanically digested

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10
Q

What is the function of the uvula?

A

Assists soft palate in closing off entryway to nasopharynx when swallowing

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11
Q

What are fauces?

A

Opening between the oral cavity and the oropharynx

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12
Q

Fauces are bounded by paired muscular folds. What are they?

A

Anterior fold: glossopalatine arch

Posterior fold: pharyngopalatine arch

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13
Q

What are housed between the arches in the oral cavity?

A

Palatine tonsils

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14
Q

What is the lingual frenulum?

A

Thin, vertical mucous membrane on the inferior surface of the tongue that attaches it to the floor of the oral cavity

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15
Q

Where are lingual tonsils found?

A

Posterior surface of the tongue

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16
Q

What is the largest salivary gland?

A

Parotid gland

17
Q

What are the 3 pairs of salivary glands?

A

Parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands

18
Q

Which gland produces the most saliva?

A

Submandibular gland

19
Q

Where are the parotid glands located?

A

Anterior and inferior to the ear, partially overlaying the masseter muscle

20
Q

Where does the parotid gland open into?

A

Oral vestibule next to the 2nd upper molar

21
Q

Where are the submandibular glands located? Where does their duct open to?

A

Inferior to body of mandible; ducts open through a papilla in the floor of the mouth on the lateral sides of the lingual frenulum

22
Q

Where are the sublingual glands located? Where does their duct open to?

A

Inferior to the tongue and internal to the oral cavity mucosa; multiple tiny ducts open onto inferior surface of the oral cavity, posterior to the submandibular duct papilla

23
Q

What are the components of a tooth?

A

Exposed crown, constricted neck, and one or more roots to anchor it to the jaw

24
Q

What makes up the gomphosis joint of the teeth?

A

Roots, dental alveoli, and periodontal ligament

25
Q

In an infant, how many teeth do we have? What are they called? Adult?

A

Infant: 20 teeth; deciduous or milk teeth

Adult: 32 teeth, but wisdom teeth are typically removed

26
Q

What nerve do you block when doing work on the bottom teeth?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve

27
Q

What nerve would you block to block the infraorbital?

A

Superior alveolar nerve

28
Q

What are the 3 phases of swallowing? Explain them

A

Voluntary Phase (voluntary) : bolus of food is pushed by tongue against hard palate and then moves toward oropharynx

Pharyngeal Phase (involuntary): as bolus moves into oropharynx, the soft palate closes off nasopharynx and the epiglottis closes over laryngeal opening

Esophageal Phase (involuntary): esophageal muscle contractions push bolus toward stomach; soft palate and epiglottis return to their pre-swallowing positions

29
Q

What nerve innervates the tensor veli palatini?

A

V3 (mandibular branch of trigeminal)

30
Q

What nerve innervates the levator veli palatini?

A

X, pharyngeal plexus

31
Q

What is the function of the tensor veli palatini?

A

Tenses soft palate and acts on pharyngotympanic tube for depressurizing middle ear

32
Q

What is the function of the levator veli palatini?

A

Elevates tensed palate and acts on pharyngotympanic tube

33
Q

What muscle is found directly anterior to the superior constrictor?

A

Buccinator

34
Q

What does paralysis of either or both the tensor and levator veli palatini muscles cause?

A

Reflux of oral contents into nasal cavity and pharyngotympanic tube dysfunction

35
Q

What is Waldeyer’s lymphatic ring composed of? Where does this drain to?

A

Palatine, pharyngeal, and lingual tonsils; drains to deep cervical lymph nodes

36
Q

What is the function of the pharyngeal plexus as far as sensation goes?

A

Sensory innervation of the oropharynx and laryngopharynx from CN IX and CN X, respectively

37
Q

What is the nasopharynx above the pharyngotympanic tube and the torus tubarius innervated by?

A

V2 (maxillary branch of trigeminal)

Neuro Exam 1 - JLJ (17 decks)

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