Oral Cavity and Floor of Mouth Flashcards
What forms the roof of the oral cavity?
Hard and soft palate
What forms the floor of the oral cavity?
Mainly soft tissues including the tongue
What forms the lateral borders of the oral cavity?
The cheeks
What separates the oral cavity into the oral vestibule and oral cavity proper?
The dental arches
What is posterior to the oral cavity?
The oropharynx
Describe the lips
Anterior border of oral cavity
Composed of soft tissue and lined externally by skin and internally by oral mucosa
Main muscular component is the orbicularis oris
Describe the cheeks
Composed of muscle and fascia
Lined superficially with skin and deep with oral mucosa
Main muscular component is the buccinator
Name the frenum found in the oral cavity
Labial frenulum (upper and lower)
Buccal frenulum
What muscles form the floor of the mouth?
A muscular diaphragm created by the paired mylohyoid muscles
These attach in the midline to the mylohyoid raphe
The geniohyoid sits superior to the mylohyoid
Superior to both of these is the tongue
What separates the anterior and posterior parts of the tongue?
The terminal sulcus
How is the tongue split?
Anterior 2/3 - in the oral cavity
Posterior 1/3 - anterior wall of the oropharynx
Which papilla cover the surface of the tongue?
Fungiform
Foliate
Vallate
Filiform
Which papilla of the tongue have no tastebuds?
Filiform
What can be seen on each side of the frenulum of the tongue?
The lingual vein
Sublingual folds
What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Superior longitudinal
Vertical
Transverse
Inferior longitudinal
What do the intrinsic tongue muscles do?
Change the size and shape of the tongue
What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
Palatoglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
Genioglossus
What do the extrinsic muscles of the tongue do?
Originate from outside the tongue and are responsible for protruding, retracting, elevating and depressing the tongue
In relation to the tongue, what does the genioglossus do?
Important in protruding the tongue
What does the hyoglossus do?
Important for depressing the sides of the tongue
Where does the lingual artery enter the tongue?
Between the hyoglossus and genioglossus
Where do the hypoglossal and lingual nerves enter the tongue?
On the external surface of the hyoglossus
What does the styloglossus do?
Important in elevating and retracting the tongue
What is the palatoglossus?
A muscle of the tongue and palate
Fibres pass inferiorly to blend with intrinsic muscles on the lateral surface of the tongue
What supplies motor innervation to the tongue?
All muscles of the tongue are supplied by the hypoglossal nerve except the palatoglossus which is supplied by the vagus nerve
What supplies general sensation (pressure, temperature, pain) to the tongue?
Anterior 2/3 - mandibular nerve (trigeminal)
Posterior 1/3 - glossopharyngeal nerve
What supplies special sensation (taste) to the tongue?
Anterior 2/3 - facial nerve via chordae tympani
Posterior 1/3 - glossopharyngeal nerve
What artery supplies the tongue?
The lingual artery is the major arterial supply (from the external carotid)
Which veins drain the tongue?
Deep lingual and dorsal lingual veins drain the tongue
Both drain into the internal jugular vein
