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ANAT 316 > Oral Cavity and Esophagus > Flashcards

Oral Cavity and Esophagus Flashcards

1
Q

Oral Cavity 2 Areas

A
  1. Oral Vestibule
  2. Oral Cavity Proper
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2
Q

Oral Vestibule Components (3)

A
  1. Upper Lip
  2. Teeth
  3. Lower lip
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3
Q

Oral Vestibule Associated Structures (3)

A
  1. Superior labial frenulum
  2. Gingivae
  3. Inferior labial frenulum
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4
Q

Oral Cavity Proper Components (5)

A
  1. Hard palate
  2. Soft palate *superior border^
  3. Palatoglossal arch
  4. Palatopharyngeal arch
  5. Tongue *inferior border
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5
Q

Oral Cavity Proper Associated Structures (3)

A
  1. Uvula
  2. Palatine tonsil
  3. Lingual frenulum
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6
Q

Salivary Glands (3 Main)

A
  1. Parotid gland
  2. Submandibular gland
  3. Sublingual gland

+ minor glands

*can be mucous (lubrication), serous (enzyme-containing), or seromucous (both)

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7
Q

Parotid Gland

A

-Found anterior to ears (b/t masseter and skin)
-Stenson’s Duct opens behind second upper molar
-SEROUS; produces saliva
-Supplied by cranial nerve IX (glossopharyngeal)

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8
Q

Submandibular Gland

A

-Found inferior to mandible and in b/t digastric muscles
-Wharton’s Duct opens lateral to lingual frenulum
-SEROMUCOUS; produces saliva and mucous
-Supplied by cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)

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9
Q

Sublingual Gland

A

-Found in floor of oral cavity, inferior to tongue
-Bartholin’s Duct connects with Wharton’s duct
-MUCOUS; produces mucous
-Supplied by cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)

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10
Q

The Tongue Main Components (6)

A
  1. Sulcus Terminalis (separates anterior 2/3 and posterior 1/3 tongue)
  2. Lingual tonsil (on posterior tongue)
  3. Circumvallate papillae (has taste buds)
  4. Foliate papillae (has taste buds)
  5. Fungiform papillae (has taste buds)
  6. Filiform papillae (*does not have taste buds) *most anterior
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11
Q

Innervation of Tongue

A

General Sensation:
Epiglottis- CN X (vagus)
Posterior 1/3- CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
Anterior 2/3- CN V3 (trigeminal- mandibular branch)

Taste:
Epiglottis- CN X (vagus)
Posterior 1/3- CN IX (glossopharyngeal)
Anterior 2/3- CN VII (Facial- “Chorda tympani”)

*posterior part of tongue same for both, anterior different

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12
Q

Tooth General Anatomy (3)

A
  1. Crown
  2. Neck
  3. Root
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13
Q

Teeth Components (6)

A
  1. Enamel- “Ameloblasts” (white part)
  2. Dentin- “Odontoblasts” (middle layer)
  3. Pulp cavity (deep, contains blood supply and nerves)
  4. Periodontal ligaments (holds in motuh)
  5. Alveolar bone
  6. Apical foramen (opening where blood vessels/neurovascular enters tooth- deep)
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14
Q

Types of Teeth (4)

A
  1. Incisor
  2. Canine
  3. Premolar
  4. Molar

(anterior to posterior)

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15
Q

Deciduous Teeth vs Permanent Teeth

A

Deciduous:
Per Quadrant:
2 incisors
1 canine
2 molars

Permanent:
Per Quadrant:
2 incisors
1 canine
2 premolars
3 molars

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16
Q

Function of Teeth

A

-Increase digestive surface area (mechanical digestion)
-Work in conjunction with saliva to begin process of digestion in mouth

17
Q

Esophagus Orientation

A

-Thoracic; posterior to trachea and aorta
-Enters abdomen at T10 at the esophageal hiatus
-Joins stomach at cardiac orifice
-Continuation of oropharynx (esophageal muscles continue from pharyngeal constrictors)

18
Q

Esophagus Superior vs Inferior Portion

A

Superior= voluntary
Inferior= autonomic

Has 2 sphincters:
-Upper esophageal sphincter UES (protect against reflux of food into airways and prevent entry of air into digestive tract)
-Lower esophageal sphincter LES (protection of the esophagus from highly acidic stomach secretions)

19
Q

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

A

-Impaired LES
-“Heartburn”, dysphagia, nausea
-Treated with lifestyle modifications and drugs like proton-pump inhibitors

20
Q

Mechanism of Swallowing (3 Stages)

A
  1. Oral Phase
  2. Pharyngeal Phase
  3. Esophageal Phase
21
Q

Oral Phase of Swallowing

A

-Food broken down mechanically and chemically
-Bolus moved posteriorly until it reaches oropharynx
*Voluntary

22
Q

Pharyngeal Phase of Swallowing

A

-Soft palate and epiglottis close (breathing stops)
-Pharyngeal constrictors move bolus inferiorly until it reaches the UES
*autonomic

23
Q

Esophageal Phase of Swallowing

A

-Bolus passes through UES
-Peristalsis occurs, pushing bolus down esophagus
-Bolus passes through LES into stomach

ANAT 316 (22 decks)

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