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ANAT 316 > Muscles of the Face and Neck > Flashcards

Muscles of the Face and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of Facial Expression Definition

A

-Superficial (subcutaneous) muscles
-Origins= facial bones or adjacent muscles
-Insertions= skin

Functions:
-Sphincters/dilators
-Facial expression alteration

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2
Q

Muscles of Facial Expression (7)

A
  1. Frontalis
  2. Corrugator Supercilii
  3. Orbicularis Oculi
  4. Orbicularis Oris
  5. Buccinator
  6. Zygomaticus major and minor
  7. Platysma
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3
Q

Frontalis

A

Epicranial group (occipitofrontalis)

A: draws back scalp and raises eyebrows (“surprise”)
Innervation: CN VII (temporal)
Blood supply: internal and external carotid a.
Venous drainage: ophthalmic v.

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4
Q

Corrugator Supercilii

A

Orbital group

A: draws eyebrows medially + inferiorly (“furrowing”)
Innervation: CN VII (temporal)
Blood supply: Ophthalmic a.
Venous drainage: superior ophthalmic v.

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5
Q

Orbicularis Oculi

A

Orbital group (3 parts)

  1. Orbital
  2. Palpebral
  3. Lacrimal

Actions:
1. Wink (tightly close eye)
2. Blink (loosely close eye)
3. Compress lacrimal sac (release tears)

Innervation: CN VII (temporal and zygomatic)
Blood supply: facial a., superficial temporal a. and ophthalmic a.
Venous drainage: facial v.

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6
Q

Orbicularis Oris

A

Oral group

A: purse and protrude lips (“blowing”)
Innervation: CN VII (buccal and mandibular)
Blood supply: facial a.
Venous drainage: facial v.

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7
Q

Buccinator

A

Oral group

A: pulls cheeks inward (“fish face”)
Innervation: CN VII (buccal)
Blood supply: buccal and facial a.
Venous drainage: pterygoid plexus and internal maxillary v.

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8
Q

Zygomaticus Major and Minor

A

Oral group

A: superior and lateral movement of mouth corners (“smiling”) *major holds up minor
Innervation: CN VII (zygomatic and buccal)
Blood supply: facial a.
Venous drainage: facial v.

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9
Q

Platysma

A

Neck group

A: inferior movement of corners of mouth (“yikes”)
Innervation: CN VII (cervical and mandibular)
Blood supply: facial a.
Venous drainage: facial v.

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10
Q

Muscles of Mastication (4)

A
  1. Temporalis
  2. Masseter
  3. Medial pterygoid
  4. Lateral pterygoid
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11
Q

Temporalis

A

O: temporal bone
I: coronoid process of mandible
A: elevate and retract mandible

Innervation: CN V3 (deep temporal)
Blood supply: maxillary a.
Venous drainage: deep temporal v.

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12
Q

Masseter

A

O: zygomatic arch
I: coronoid process and ramus of mandible
A: elevate mandible and approximate teeth

Innervation: CN V3 (masseteric)
Blood supply: maxillary a.
Venous drainage: masseteric v.

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13
Q

Medial Pterygoid

A

O: maxillary tuberosity and lateral pterygoid plate
I: medial ramus and angle of mandible
A: elevation and side-to-side movement of mandible

Innervation: CN V3 (medial pterygoid)
Blood supply: maxillary a.
Venous drainage: pterygoid plexus

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14
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

A

O: greater wing and lateral pterygoid plate
I: condylar process of mandible
A: protraction and side-to-side movement if mandible

Innervation: CN V3 (lateral pterygoid)’
Blood supply: maxillary a.
Venous drainage: pterygoid plexus

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15
Q

Superficial Anterior Neck Muscles (2)

A
  1. Platysma
  2. Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)
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16
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

O: manubrium and clavicle
I: mastoid process
A: unilateral= head rotation and lateral flexion, bilateral= flexion

Innervation: CN XI
Blood supply: superior thyroid a.
Venous drainage: internal jugular v.

17
Q

Deep Anterior Neck Muscles (2)

A
  1. Hyoid muscles
  2. Scalene muscles
18
Q

Hyoid Muscles: Suprahyoid (4) vs. Infrahyoid (4)

A

Suprahyoid (above):
1. Digastric
2. Stylohyoid
3. Mylohyoid
4. Geniohyoid

Infrahyoid (below):
1. Omohyoid
2. Sternohyoid
3. Thyrohyoid
4. Sternothyroid

19
Q

Digastric

A

*suprahyoid

O: inferior border of mandible
I: temporal bone
A: elevate hyoid and depress mandible

Innervation: CN V3 (anterior) and CN VII (posterior)
Blood supply: facial a. (anterior) and occipital a./posterior auricular a. (posterior)
Venous drainage: internal jugular v.

20
Q

Stylohyoid

A

*suprahyoid

O: styloid process
I: hyoid
A: elevate/retract hyoid and elevate tongue

Innervation: CN VII
Blood supply: occipital a.
Venous drainage: internal jugular v.

21
Q

Mylohyoid

A

*suprahyoid

O: mylohyoid line (body of mandible)
I: other mylohyoid and hyoid
A: elevate hyoid, support tongue, depress mandible

Innervation: CN V3 (inferior alveolar)
Blood supply: facial a. and inferior alveolar a.
Venous drainage: internal jugular v.

“Oral diaphragm”

22
Q

Geniohyoid

A

*suprahyoid

O: inferior mental spine (body of mandible)
I: hyoid
A: elevate/protrude hyoid

Innervation: C1 (sheath of CN XII)
Blood supply: lingual a.
Venous drainage: internal jugular v.

23
Q

Omohyoid

A

*infrahyoid

O: scapula
I: hyoid
A: depress hyoid

Innervation: ansa cervicalis (C1-3)
Blood supply: superior and inferior thyroid a.
Venous drainage: superior and inferior thyroid v.

24
Q

Sternohyoid

A

*infrahyoid

O: manubrium (sternum)
I: hyoid
A: depress hyoid

Innervation: ansa cervicalis (C1-3)
Blood supply: superior thyroid a.
Venous drainage: superior thyroid v.

25
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

*infrahyoid

O: thyroid cartilage
I: hyoid
A: depress hyoid

Innervation: C1 (sheath of CN XII)
Blood supply: superior thyroid a.
Venous drainage: superior thyroid v.

26
Q

Sternothyroid

A

*infrahyoid

O: manubrium (sternum)
I: thyroid cartilage
A: depress hyoid and open laryngeal inlet

Innervation: ansa cervicalis (C1-3)
Blood supply: superior thyroid a.
Venous drainage: superior thyroid v.

27
Q

Scalene Muscles

A

-3 Muscles (ant., post., middle)
-Deep neck

O: between ribs 1/2
I: transverse processes of C1/2
A: neck flexion and rotation

Innervation: C3-8
Blood supply: inferior thyroid a.
Venous drainage: inferior thyroid v.

28
Q

Posterior Neck Muscles (8)

A
  1. Trapezius
  2. Splenius capitis
  3. Levator scapulae
  4. Semispinalis capitis

*Suboccipital triange muscles (4)

29
Q

Suboccipital Triangle

A

Three Major Muscles:
1. Obliquus capitis superior
2. Rectus capitis posterior major
3. Obliquus capitis inferior

One Adjacent Muscle:
4. Rectus capitis posterior minor

A: neck extension and rotation, postural support

Innervation: greater occipital n.
Blood supply: vertebral a.

ANAT 316 (22 decks)

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