Oral Cavity

Question 1

Clinical manifestation of oral cavity lesions

Answer 1

Hypersalivation, dysphasia, anorexia

Question 2

Gingivitis

Answer 2

Inflammation of the gingiva

Stage of periodontal disease involving inflammation, ulcers, recession, exposure of the root tooth

Question 3

Periodontitis

Answer 3

Inflammation of periodontia

Deep persistent inflammation; destruction of periodontal ligament, tooth loosening + loss

Question 4

Alveolitis

Answer 4

Inflammation of bone surrounding teeth (also, osteomyelitis)

Question 5

Stomatitis

Answer 5

Inflammation of oral cavity

Question 6

Cheilitis

Answer 6

Inflammation of the lips

Question 7

Glossitis

Answer 7

Inflammation of the tongue

Question 8

Pharyngitis

Answer 8

Inflammation of the pharynx

Question 9

Sialoadenitis

Answer 9

Inflammation of the salivary glands

Question 10

Tonsilitis

Answer 10

Inflammation of the the tonsils

Question 11

Pigmentary manifestation of systemic disease

Answer 11

Anemia (pale/white MM), Icterus (yellow MM), Cyanosis (blue/purple MM)

Question 12

Brachygnathism

Answer 12

Too short of a jaw (i.e. maxillary brachygnathia - superior jaw too short)

Question 13

Wry Nose

Answer 13

Axial deviation of nasoincisive bones (Layman’s term used more than medical term)

Question 14

Palatoschisis

Answer 14

Cleft palate, incomplete axial fusion of palatine bones

Question 15

Complications from palatoschisis

Answer 15

Aspiration of feed into upper airways

Question 16

Pulpitis

Answer 16

Inflammation within the non-mineralized tooth cavity

Question 17

Periodontitis

Answer 17

Inflammation of the supporting structures of the teeth (gingiva, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone)

Question 18

Odontogenesis

Answer 18

Dental development

Question 19

Polyodontia

Answer 19

Too many teeth

Question 20

Pseudopolyodontia

Answer 20

Retained deciduous teeth

Question 21

Complications from malocclusion

Answer 21

Difficult pretending/masticating food, injury to soft tissues, tooth loss

Question 22

Dental plaque

Answer 22

Bacterial biofilm on teeth, loosely adhered to enamel, resistant to saliva, can be BRUSHED away

Question 23

Dental calculus

Answer 23

Mineralized plaque (tartar), salivary secretions+Ca carb+bacteria+debris, firmly adhered to tooth, needs to be SCRAPED away

Question 24

Dental carries

Answer 24

Cavities, erosions in mineralized tissue of teeth, result of enzymatic demineralization/degradation

Question 25

Odontoclastic lesions

Answer 25

Cellular resorptive lesions of teeth

Question 26

Gingival hyperplasia

Answer 26

Proliferative/neoplasia resulting from chronic gingivitis/periodontitis in dogs

Question 27

Features of Severe Chronic Periodontitis

Answer 27

Gross: Gingival hyperemia/recession, tooth root exposure Clinical signs: anorexia, choke, nasal discharge Sequelae: tooth loss, osteomyelitis, (Pain), sinusitis (in EQ)

Question 28

Feline Odontoclastic Resorptive Lesions (FORL)

Answer 28

Chronic gingivitis and periodontitis in cats with tooth resorption 30-75% of cats (c. 9 yo) Bone resorption, lost teeth

Question 29

Pulpitis / tooth root abscess in horses

Answer 29

Cause: impacted food in occlusal surface of teeth Sequelae: sinusitis Clinical signs: malodorous nasal discharge

Question 30

Types of Stomatitis

Answer 30

- Catarrhal inflammation - Vesicular (inflammation) - Erosive / ulcerative (inflammation) - Granulomatous / pyogranulomatous - Suppurative - Diphtheritic / pseudomembranous - Lymphoplasmacytic - Proliferative

Question 31

Inflammatory response to viruses

Answer 31

- Vesicular disease - Erosive/ulcerative disease - Papillomatous (Proliferative/neoplasia)

Question 32

Inflammatory response to bacteria/fungi

Answer 32

- Abscesses - Granulomas/pyogranulomatous - Necrosis +/- diphtheritic membranes - Ulcers

Question 33

Vesicular Diseases

Answer 33

Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Vesicular stomatitis, swine vesicular disease, vesicular exanthema Feline calicivirus

Question 34

Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV)

Answer 34

REPORTABLE Cloven hoofed animals (ruminants, swine) Vesicles —> erosions —> ulcers —> secondary infection (painful) Lesions of nose, mouth, feet, coronary band, udder HIGH morbidity, low mortality, LOSS of PRODUCTION

Question 35

Feline Calicivirus

Answer 35

Vesicular stomatitis of cats Part of Feline Upper Resp Disease complex (+/-associated with FHV) Lesions: lingual, oropharyngeal vesicles

Question 36

Bovine Viral Diarrhea (Bovine Pesitvirus)

Answer 36

Multi-systemic effects (alimentary, respiratory, repro, immune) Can form erosive/ulcerative lesions throughout alimentary tract without primary vesicles (i.e., non-vesicular) —> direct epithelial necrosis (Also lymphoid necrosis/immunosuppressive, teratogenic effect) Ulcerative stomatitis

Question 37

Lumpy jaw

Answer 37

Actinomyces bovis (G+ filamentous bacilli) Route of infection: penetrating wound Pyogranulomatous stomatitis/cellulitis Osteomyelitis, osteolysis, reactive bone proliferation (expansion of jaw) “Sulfur granules” on histology

Question 38

Inflammatory response to foreign body

Answer 38

Abscess +/- granuloma/pyogranuloma

Question 39

Craniofacial dysplasia

Answer 39

Palatoschisis Maxillary brachygnathia