Oral And Pharyngeal Muscles Flashcards
What is the fauces?
Throat
What is more anterior, palatoglossal arch or palatopharyngeal arch?
PALATOGLOSSAL
Palatoglossal, palatine tonsil, palatopharyngeal
What muscle is the anterior border of the oral vestibule?
Orbicularis oris
What innervates orbicularis oris m.?
CN VII
What innervates the buccinator?
CN VII
What are the attachments for the buccinator m.?
Pterygomandibular raphe to orbicularis oris
Floor of the mouth - Inferior most muscle and its innervation?
Mylohyoid m. - V3
Mylohyoid line to hyoid
Floor of the mouth - Next most inferior muscle and its innervation?
Geniohyoid m. - CN XII
Inf. Mental spine to hyoid bone
What muscle goes from styloid process to hyoid bone and what is it innervated by?
Stylohyoid - CN VII
What other suprahyoid muscle is innervated by CN VII?
Posterior belly of digastric
Big, flat muscle just deep to the stylohyoid m.?
Hyoglossus m. - CN XII
Greater horn to lat tongue
Styloid process to lat tongue muscle?
Styloglossus m. - CN XII
What innervates palatoglossal m.?
CN X
What is considered “the” tongue muscle?
Genioglossus - CN XII - Sup mental spine to ???
What are the intrinsic tongue muscles? (4)
Superior longitudinal m.
Inferior longitudinal m.
Vertical m.
Transverse m.
What innervates all the intrinsic mm.?
CN XII
What does the superior longitudinal m. do?
Shortens tongue
What does the inferior longitudinal muscle do?
Curl tongue up or down
What does the transverse tongue muscle do?
Narrows and lengthens tongue
What does the vertical tongue muscle do?
Flattens and widens tongue
What does “lick your wounds” mean?
Tongue will go to the side that the issue is happening in
What innervates the palate?
V2
What branches of V2 innervate the palate? (3) NGL
Nasopalatine n.
Greater palatine n.
Lesser palatine n.
The arterial supply to the palate is as follows: for the hard palate, the branch of the maxillary artery, ______________. For the soft palate, there are three main arteries that have come from the maxillary a., facial a., and ascending pharyngeal a. They are ____________, ______________, and _____________, respectively.
Greater palatine a.
Lesser palatine a.
Ascending palatine aa.
Palatine a.
How many muscles act on the palate?
5
What are the 5 muscles that motor the palate, and what innervates them, and what do they do? LPPUT
Levator veli palatini m. - CN X - Elevates soft palate
Palatoglossus m. - CN X - Pulls tongue superiorly
Palatopharyngeus m. - CN X - Elevates pharynx and larynx
Uvular m. - CN X - uvula
Tensor veli palatini m. - V3 - Tenses soft palate
What are the 3 parts of the pharynx from superior to inferior, and what are their innervations?
Nasopharynx - V2
Oropharynx - IX
Laryngopharynx - X
There are 3 pharyngeal constrictor muscles. Name them and their attachments (Hint: they all go to the pharyngeal raphe) SMI
Sup pharyngeal constrictor m. - Pterygomandibular raphe
Middle pharyngeal constrictor m. - greater horn
Inferior pharyngeal constrictor m. - Cricothyroid and thyroid cartilage
What are the elevator muscles of the pharynx? (3) PSS
Palatopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Stylopharyngeus
*They all blend into the pharyngeal constrictors
What fold does the salpingopharyngeus muscle form?
The salpingopharyngeus fold
Motor innervation to the pharynx is accomplished mostly by what nerve, and what is the exception?
CN X
**Except for Stylopharyngeus - CN IX
What is the vascular supply to the pharynx? (3+) ASIB+
Ascending pharyngeal a.
Sup thyroid a.
Inf thyroid a.
Branches of facial and maxillary aa.
What are the 4 main functions of the larynx?
Prevent material from entering airway
Phonation
Breathing
Cough reflex (CN X)
What are the 4 main cartilages associated with the larynx?
Thyroid
Cricoid
Epiglottis
Arytenoid
What are the 3 main ligaments of the larynx?
Thyrohyoid
Cricothyroid
Vocal ligaments
Broadly, what innervates the larynx as a whole?
CN X
The sup laryngeal nerve is motor to what muscle and sensory to what muscles?
Cricothyroideus m. (Ext laryngeal)
Sensory to all mm. above vocal cords (Int laryngeal)
The recurrent laryngeal nerve is motor to what muscles and sensory to what muscles?
Motor - Laryngeal mm.
Sensory - Muscles below vocal cords
What synovial joint is in the thyroid cartilage and what does it do?
Cricoarytenoid joint
Abducts and adducts vocal ligaments
What muscle adducts the vocal ligaments?
Lateral cricoarytenoid mm.
What muscle abducts vocal ligaments?
Posterior cricoarytenoid mm.
What do the laryngeal muscles do as a whole?
Adduct, abduct, tense, or loosen vocal fold. They act bilaterally. Motor is CN X - Recurrent laryngeal n.
In summary, the tongue muscles are innervated by what, and what is the exception?
CN XII
**Palatoglossus m. - CN X
In summary, the palate muscles are innervated by what, and what is the exception?
CN X
*Tensor veli palatini - V3
In summary, the pharyngeal muscles are innervated by what, and what is the exception?
CN X
*Stylopharyngeus - CN IX
In summary, laryngeal muscles are all innervated by what, and what is the exception?
Recurrent (CN X)
*Cricothyroideus - Superior laryngeal n. (CN X)
