Oral and Nasal Cavity (complete) Flashcards
What are the parts of the lip
- Vermillion Zone
- Vermillion border
- Lower lip
- Upper lip
- Tubercle
- Labial commisure
What is the vermillion zone
The whole area that the lips cover
What is the vermillion border
The outline of your lips
What is the tubercle of the lips
The bump right in the middle of the upper lip
What is the labial commisure
the corners of your mouth
From which arch do the mandibular and maxillary prominences come from
The 1st arch
What are the steps of formation of the nose and nasal cavity
- The nasal/olfactory placode forms
- The medial and lateral nasal prominences develop around the nasal pit
- The nasal pit invaginates further dorsally
- The nasal prominences converge to form the nasal sac
- The nasal sac continues to invaginate dorsally above the stomadeum
- the oronassal membrane degrades and ruptures, the oral and nasal cavity are joined, forming the Choanae
- The primary palate is formed
- The nasal conchae form.
What is the Nasal pit
an Ectodermal invagination
What germ layer is the Nasal sac made from
Ectoderm
What is the Choanae
The shared cavity between the nasal and oral cavities
What causes the formation of the sinuses?
Diverticulations from the nasal cavity (Outgrowths from the nasal cavity)
What are the four sinuses of the face
- Maxillary
- Ethmoid
- Frontal
- Sphenoid
When do the sinuses completely form
from late pregnancy to years after birth
What are the purposes of the sinuses
- Humidify air
- speech
- Lightens the skull while maintaining strength
What kind of cells make up the epithelium in the nasal cavity and sinuses
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with cilia
and goblet cells
What is the lamina propria in relation to the nasal cavity and sinuses
it is the layer of vascularized connective tissue just below the pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
Why is the epithelium of the nasal cavity and sinuses pseudostratified columnar with cilia
- because it can easily replace lost cells
2. because the cilia help move mucus and debris
What do the goblet cells in the nasal cavity and sinuses do
they secrete mucosa
How does the epithelium of the sinuses differ from the nasal epithelium
It has thinner mucosa than the nasal cavity, with fewer goblet cells
How sensitive to infection are the nasal cavity and sinuses
very sensitive to infection
What is the philtrum
the little indentation directly between the base of your nose and directly above the center of your lips
what prominence of embryology gives rise to the bone underneath the philtrum
the frontonasal prominence
from which arch does meckels cartilage come
the 1st arch
do the two opposing sides of meckels cartilage come completely together
no, but close they are only separated by a symphysis
What type of ossification does meckels cartilage assist in
intramembranous ossification
How does meckels cartilage assist in intramembranous ossification
it signals to the cells around it to become bone
How much of meckels cartilage is still in us
barely any
Where might we find portions of meckels cartilage still
the bones of the ear
What are the parts of the palate
- primary palate
2. secondary palate
What are the other names for the primary palate
the premaxilla
median palatine process
What portion of the palate does the primary palate form
the most anterior portion
What forms the secondary palate
Swellings from the lateral maxilla that meet in the middle and fuse
What are the swellings from the lateral maxilla that eventually fuse and for the secondary palate called
the palatine shelves
in what direction does this fusion of palatine shelves to form the secondary palatine occur
it begins at the anterior end and fuses toward the posterior end
Does the secondary palate include the hard and soft palate
yes
what is the third outgrowth that meets up with the palatine plates that are fusing to for the secondary palate
the nasal septum
from where does the nasal septum grow, and what does it eventually fuse with
it grows downward from the top of the nasal cavity and fuses with the secondary palate (palatine shelves)
What are the steps of the formation of the palate
- posterior growth of the primary palate
- inferior growth of the palatine shelves and nasal septum
- mandibular growth allows the tongue to depress enough for the palatine shelves to pass over it
- poseterior portion of the primary palate begins to fuse with the secondary palate
- Nasal septum and palatine plates all fuse
Where is the incisive foramen
its found where the primary palate and the secondary palates converge.
which teeth are in the primary palate
the maxillary incisors
Where does the secondary palate begin and end
it runs from the incisive foramen to the uvula
What are the parts of the hard palate
- primary palate
- anterior portion of the palatine shelves
- Nasal septum
What are the parts of the soft palate
posterior portion of the palatine shelves to the uvula
Where can clefts occur in facial development
at any point where prominences are fusing
what results in a cleft
when prominences fail to fuse
Which clefts are the most common
between the mesionasal prominences
From which two pharyngeal arches does the majority of the tongue come from
1st and 3rd
What are the four initial growths that develop into the tongue
1 & 2. lateral lingual swellings
- Tuberculum Impar
- copula
What develops into the anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
the lateral lingual swellings and tuberculum impar from the 1st arch
What develops into the posterior 1/3rd of the tongue
the copula, mostly from the 3rd arch
What type of muscle is the tongue
skeletal muscle
From where does the muscle of the tongue come
Occipital somites
What are the different types of papillae of the tongue
circumvallate
foliate
fungiform
filiform
