Opioid Pharmacology Part 1 Flashcards
What are the 3 families of Opioid Peptides?
Endorphins, Enkephalins and Dynorphins
Where are Endorphins made?
Arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus and the corticotrophs of the anterior pituitary
The Endorphin peptide of hypothalamic origin causes…? Where does it act?
Analgesia and respiratory depression; Agonist at mu and delta receptors
Where are Enkephalins made? What 3 places are they found?
Interneurons; Found in pariaqueductal grey, lamina 1 and Spinal trigeminal nucleus
How are Dynorphins different from Endorphins and Enkephalins?
Works at kappa receptors
What are the 3 families of Opoid Receptors?
Mu, Kappa and Delta
Which actions are mediated by Mu receptors?
Analgesia, Respiratory, GI, Feeding and Sedation functions.
Which actions are mediated by kappa receptors?
Analgesia, GI, Feeding, Sedation and Diuresis functions. Also Psychotomimesis
Which actions are mediated by delta receptors?
Analgesia and Feeding
What are the 3 roles of the Opioid System?
- Stress induced Analgesia
- Endocrine regulation
- Drive for food, water and sex.
Which drug is obtained from the Papaver somniferum plant?
Morphine
What are the CNS effects of morphine?
Analgesia, Euphoria, Inhibition of Cough reflex
What are the Analgesic effects of Morphine?
- Analgesia without loss of consciousness
2. Perception of pain is altered
What are 3 sites of opioid analgesia?
- Dorsal horn inhibition
- Activate pain control from midbrain
- Block periaqueductal grey
What are the mechanisms of Analgesia?
- Agonists at opioid receptors
- Inhibit Adenyl cyclase activity
- Suppress voltage calcium channels
- Activate potassium channels causing hyperpolarization.
