Ocular Emergencies

Question 1

Name two true ocular emergencies

Answer 1

1. Chemical Burn of the Cornea

2. Central Retinal Artery Occlusion

Question 2

Describe Acute Glaucoma. Is it an emergency?

Answer 2

Caused by sudden elevation in Intraocular pressure due to blockage of drainage in anterior chamber; Urgent situation

Question 3

How is Acute glaucoma treated?

Answer 3

1. Pressure lowering drops; Pilocarpine

2. Laser peripheral iridotomy

Question 4

What must an eye exam consist of?

Answer 4

Visual acuity and fields, Pupils, EOMS, Intraocular pressure, Lids, conjunctiva, cornea, lens, sclera and retina

Question 5

What does a Tonopen measure?

Answer 5

Intraocular pressure

Question 6

What does a Schiotz Tonometer measure?

Answer 6

Indentation

Question 7

What is Iritis?

Answer 7

Redness around the limbus and clearing toward the fornices

Question 8

How do you assess anterior chamber depth?

Answer 8

Shine light parallel to iris from temporal side.
Deep chamber: Entire iris will glow
Shallow chamber: Crescent shadow on nasal iris

Question 9

Which patients cant have an eyepatch?

Answer 9

1. Patient wears contact lenses
2. Fingernail injury
3. Possible infection

Question 10

Whats are the key features of Central Retinal Artery Occulusion?

Answer 10

1. Painless loss of vision
2. Preceded by transient unilateral vision loss
3. Cherry red spot

Question 11

When is it safe to dilate the pupil?

Answer 11

1. Globe is intact
2. Intraocular pressure is normal
3. Anterior chamber is deep

Question 12

Describe vitreous and retinal hemorrhage

Answer 12

Vitreous: Cloudy view of retina w/ reddish shimerring streaks.
Retinal: Blood in retinal tissue

Question 13

Discuss Macular Edema

Answer 13

Patients complain of wavy and distorted vision; Caused by trauma, diabetes, macular degeneration