Opiods

Question 0

(2010)
Propofol and remifentanil are commonly used together as continuous infusions to maintain anaesthesia. Discuss the pharmacological reasons why it is useful to use them together.

Answer 0

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Question 1

(2012)

Compare and contrast the metabolism of morphine, codeine and pethidine.

Answer 1

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Question 2

(2009)
Outline the respiratory effects of morphine. Outline the factors that may increase the risk of respiratory depression in the postoperative period in patients receiving intravenous morphine.

Answer 2

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Question 3

Compare and contrast the pharmacology of remifentanil and alfentanil.

Answer 3

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Question 4

(2007)
Describe the major metabolizes of morphine and indicate their possible pharmacological effects. List some theories that account for tolerance to morphine.

Answer 4

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Question 5

(2005)

Describe the pharmacology of tramadol.

Answer 5

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Question 6

(2003)
Draw a plasma concentration versus time curve for morphine following a bolus intravenous injection of 15mg. For the same patient and on the same time axis, draw the curve for arterial carbon dioxide tension. Explain the differences between the two curves.

Answer 6

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Question 7

(2002)
What is an opioid receptor and how does it function? Describe briefly the types of opioid receptors and their distribution in the body. What effects are produced by morphine through these receptors?

Answer 7

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Question 8

(2000)

Discuss the mode of action and effects of morphine used in anaesthetic practice.

Answer 8

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