Ophthalmology - Eyelids Flashcards
What is the tarsus?
- fibrous and glandular layer of the eyelid
- holding layer for surgical eyelid closure
- supports the Meibomian glands
What is entropion?
rolling in of the eyelid margin such that hairs are touching the ocular surface
What is blepharospasm?
spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle resulting in eyelid closure
How is entropion treated?
temporary: - lubricant - eyelid tacking - partial temporary tarsorrhaphy permanent: - Hotz Celsus (rolls out the eyelid)
What is ectropion?
an eversion or rolling out of the eyelid
How is ectropion treated?
- lateral eyelid wedge excision
- V to Y plasty
What is lagophthalmos?
incomplete eyelid closure and globe coverage
How is lagophthalmos treated?
- lubrication or temporary tarsorrhaphy
- permanent tarsorrhaphy or canthoplasty
What is trichiasis?
hairs growing from normal skin reach the corneal and/or conjunctival surface
How is trichiasis treated?
- lubricant
- facial fold resection or medial canthoplasty
What is distichia?
cilia which emerge from the Meibomian glands
- inherited in many breeds
How is distichia treated?
cryotherapy: two freeze/thaw cycles, then pluck the hairs
What is ectopic cilia?
hair/cilia protruding through palpebral conjunctiva
How is ectopic cilia treated?
cryotherapy: two freeze/thaw cycles, then the hairs are sharply excised
What is the most common canine eyelid tumor?
meibomian gland adenoma (benign)
What is the most common feline eyelid tumor?
squamous cell carcinoma (malignant)
What are the treatment options for canine eyelid tumors?
- debulk and cryotherapy
- complete excision
What suture pattern is used to close eyelid margin defects?
figure of 8 pattern
What is blepharitis?
inflammation of the eyelids
What is chalazion?
enlargement of the meibomian gland due to blockage of the duct and inspissation of its secretory products
What is hordeolum?
purulent bacterial infection of the meibomian gland
What is cherry eye?
prolapsed gland of the third eyelid
When is excision of the third eyelid gland indicated?
neoplasia
How is cherry eye treated?
- Morgan pocket technique
- Orbital tacking
What is ptosis?
drooping of the eyelids caused by sympathetic denervation
How do you identify the eyelid margins?
“grey line” of the meibomian gland orifices
