Ophthalmology

Question 1

difference btw episcleritis & scleritis

Answer 1

EPIscleritis=> NIL PAIN

Scleritis => Pain

Question 2

Fundoscopy findings central retinal vein occlusion CRVO

Answer 2

severe retinal haemorrhages

Question 3

Fundoscopy findings central retinal artery occlusion CRAO

Answer 3

Cheery red sopt in pale retina
Aff papillary defect

Question 4

differentiate posterior vitreous detachment vs retinal detachment vs vitreous haemorrhage

Answer 4

Post. vit detach: flashes of light (photopsia) in periph field of vision, floaters, NO full loss of vision, often preceeds beofre retinal detachment

Ret detach: dense shadow starts periph progresses towards central vision, veil or curtain over field of vision, straight line -> curved

Vitreous haemorrhage: large bleeds-> sudden isual loss

Question 5

Subconjunctival haemorrhage (warfarin)

Answer 5

benign condition should resolved 1-52 wks
if warfarin- check INR

Question 6

Hutchinson sign

Answer 6

Rash tip or side of nose- indicates nasociliary involvement strong risk for ocular involvement / corneal involvement

Question 7

Causes of optic neuritis

Answer 7

MS, diabetes, syphilis

Question 8

Optic neuritis mx

Answer 8

High dose steroid
Usually takes 4-6weeks

Question 9

Ix episcleritis and mx

Answer 9

Neosynephrine/ phenylephrine drop- blanches conjunctival + episcleritis vessel but x clearly vessel. If injectionimproves after phenylephrine-> episcleritis

Mx: conservative, artificial drops