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MSRA 2023 > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Koebner phenomenon + disease associated

A

trauma precipitate new lesion

Vilitigo
Lichen Planus

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2
Q

Mx vilitigo

A

sunblock
topical corticosteroid-> may reverse if given early

tacrolimus + phototx

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3
Q

Lichen Planus characteristic

A

P’s

Purple
Pruritic
Papular
Poylgonal

White lace pattern on buccal mucosa

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4
Q

Lichen Planus mx

A

potent topical steroid

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5
Q

Psoriasis classification + which most common type

A

Plaque- most common
Flexural
Guttate
Pustular

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6
Q

Auspitz’s sign

A

Seen in psoriasis: when scale removed, red membrane w/ pinpoint bleeding may be seen

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7
Q

What is Guttate psorasis ass with?
Mx psoriasis guttate: resolved spontaneously 2-3month

A

transient psoratic rash freq (+ streptococcal infection 2-4wks prior to lesion appearing

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8
Q

Psoriasis Mx

A

1st line: potent corticosteroid + vit D analogue (topical bethamethasone + topical calcipotriol) OD

2nd line: no improvement after 8 wks-> vit D analogue BD

3rd line: no improvmenet after 8-12wks corticosteroid BD for 4 weeks. coal tar pre OD/BD

SECONDARY CARE:
phototx: PUVA
systemic tx: po MTX/ ciclosporin/ systemic retinoids/ biologics/ ustekinumab

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9
Q

acanthosis nigrans

A

Gastric cancer

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10
Q

tylosis

A

oesophageal cancer

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11
Q

Tinea Capitis mx

A

Trichophyton po terbinafine
microsporum infection: griseofulvin

topical ketoconazole shampoo given 2 weeks decreases transmission

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12
Q

Tinea corporis mx

A

po fluconazole

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13
Q

Herald patch

A

seen pityriasis rosea. recent resp tract infection 1-2 weeks later by multiple erythematous, slightly raised oval lesion with fine scale confined to outer aspects of the lesion.

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14
Q

Pityriasis rosea mx and pathogen

A

self limiting

HHV7 may play a role

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15
Q

Pityriasis Versicolour- pathogen + mx

A

Tinea Versicolor. Malassezia Furfur.

Topical antifungal. ketoconazole shampoo.

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16
Q

Impetigo causative pathogen

A

Staph aureus/ strep pyogenesI

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17
Q

Impetigo Sx + Mx + school exclusion criteria

A

golden crust, hydrogen peroxide 1% cream, fusidic cream unless resistance suspected mupirocin

Extensive: po fluclox, erythromicin if pen allergic

@ home until lesion crusted + healed OR 48hrs after starting abx

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18
Q

Dermatitis Herpetiformis what disease ass, Dx, Mx

A

ass w/ coeliac disease. Cause by deposition of IgA.

skin biopsy: direct immunofluorescance deposition of IgA in granular patter in upper dermis

Ab-TTG

Mx: gluten free diet, Dapsone

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19
Q

sebaceous cyst mx

A

surgical excision

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20
Q

Acquired ichthyosis skin condition

A

Lymphoma

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21
Q

Skin condition seen in oesophageal cancer

22
Q

Causes of erythema nodosum

A

Infection: streptococcus, TB, brucellosis
Systemic: sarcoidosis, IBD Behects
Malignancy/ lymphoma
Drugs: penicillins, sulphonamides, COCP
Pregnancy

23
Q

Live do reticularis causes

A

Idiopathic most common
P0lyarteritis nodosum
SLE
Cryoglobulinaemia
APS
eDS
Haemocystinuria

24
Q

Chronic plaque psoriasis mx

A

1st line: corticosteroid applied, vit D analogue

Secondary care: photo tx- UV-B light with psoralen (PUVA)

Po MTX 1st line esp useful if ass. Joint disease, ciclosporin

25
Q

Mx psoriasis guttate

A

Most cases resolve spontaneously within 2-3 months, same as plaque psoriasis

26
Q

Mx of venous ulcer

A

Compression bandaging
Po pentoxifylline- periph vasodilator can improve healing

27
Q

Pathogen causing molluscum contagious and mx

A

Mollucscum contangiosum virus member of poxvirida3

Mx: usually self-limiting, avoid sharing towels, clothing . Squeezing with finger nail, crypto

28
Q

Causes of seborrhoeic dermatitis and associated disease

A

Inflammatory reaction related to prolif of normal, skin

Malassezia Furfur

HIV, PD

29
Q

Mx of seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

Ketoconzaole 2% shampoo 1st line

Topical steroid- face and body

30
Q

Eczema herpeticum pathogen and mx

A

Severe primary infection of HsV1 or 2

Mx: life threatening !!! Iv aciclovir

31
Q

Impetigo mx

A

Causes by staph aureus, strep pyogenes

Mx mupirocin topical or Rushdie acid if resistant suspected
If systemically unwell/ high risk complication- hydrogen peroxide 1% cream

Extensive po fluclox, erythromycin if pen-allergic

32
Q

Which scoring system used for hirsutism

A

Ferryman-Galway scoring system

33
Q

Which hypersensitivity in contact dermatitis

A

Type IV delayed hypersensitivity

34
Q

Toxic epidermal necrolysis which sign

A

Nikolsky signs: epidermis separates with mild lat pressure

35
Q

Oemphigus vulgaris pathogenesis

A

Autoimmune disease- Ab against desmoglein 3

Flaccid blister, oral mucosa

36
Q

Bullous pemphigoid pathogenesis

A

Autoimmune condition causing sub-epidermal blistering of skin

Tense blister, no mucosal involvement , flexor surface

Skin biopsy : immunofluorescence IgG+ C3 at dermoepidermal junction

37
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris vs bullous pemphigoid

A

Vulgaris: intraepidermal Ab against dermoglein 3, flaccid and [sinful blister, oral mucosa common

Pemphigoid
Subepidermal, tense and itchy blister, flexor surfaces

38
Q

Guttate psoriasis vs pityriasis rosea

A

Guttate: streptococcal sore throat 204 weeks, tear drop

Pityriasis rosea: recent Resp tract infection, herald patch

39
Q

Erythema multiforme causes

A

Hypersensitivity reaction usually triggered by infection

Viruses: HSV idiopathic, bacteria: mycoplasma, streptococcus,

Drugs: penicillin, sulphonamides, carbamezepine, allopurinol, NSAIDS, COCP,

Connective tissues disease, sarcoidosis, malignancy

40
Q

Steven’s Johnson syndrome causes

A

Severe systemic reaction affects skin & mucosa

Penicillin, sulphonamides, lamotrigine, carbamazepine, phenytoin, allopurinol, NSAIDS, COCP

41
Q

Surge Weber syndrome what skin condition and mx

A

Port wine stain unilateral.
Ipsilateral leptomeningesl angioma, diffuse choroidak haemangioma, glaucoma, seizure, focal neurological deficit

Mx: cosmetic, laser tx- multiple session needed

42
Q

Actinic keratoses mx

A

Fluorouracil crea 2-3 weeks- skin will become red and inflamed

43
Q

Squamous carcinoma of skin mx

A

Surgical excision 4mm margin if lesion<20mif >20mm margins 6mm

44
Q

Which skin cancer is most common

A

Basal cell carcinoma

45
Q

Rosacea what is it and mx

A

Chronic skin condition unknown aetiology, aggregated by hot and spicy food

Mx: topical bromid gel, brimonidin alpha AG,
Mild-mod papules with/out pustules: topical ivermectin
Mod-severe: topical ivermectin + po doxycycline

46
Q

Rosacea vs seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

Rosacea: cerrofaciak, rhinophyma

Seborrhoeic: scale and scalp and preauricular

47
Q

Mild -mod acne vulgaris mx

A

12 week course of topical combo

Topical adapalene with topical benzoyl peroxide
Fixed combo topical tretinoic with topical clindamycin

48
Q

Mod-severe acne vulgaris mx

A

12 week course of
Fixed combo topical adapalene + topical benzoyl peroxide
Fixed combo topical tretinoin + topical clindamycin
Fixed combo topical adapalene with or without po lymecycline or po doxycycline

49
Q

Fungal nail infection mx

A

If dermatophyte/ candidate: limited involvement- topical [amorolfine 5% nail lacquer

More extensive dermatoohyte: po terbinafine

More extensive candida: po itraconazole

50
Q

Scabies mx

A

Alive close contact
All household and close contacts should be treated at the same time

Permethrin 5% 1st line
Malathion 0.5% 2nd line

51
Q

What is actinic keratoses

A

Aka solar keratoses

Premalignant skin lesion- small crusty, scaly lesions- pink/red/brown sun exposed areas

MSRA 2023 (22 decks)

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