Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Surgical Tech 200 > Ophthalmic test on10/15 > Flashcards

Ophthalmic test on10/15 Flashcards

1
Q

Aque/o

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ambly/o

A

dull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Blephar/o

A

eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Conjunctiv/o

A

conjunctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cor/o

A

pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Corneo/o

A

cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cycl/o

A

ciliary body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dacry/o

A

tear or lacrimal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dipl/o

A

double

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Glauc/o

A

gray or silver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ir/o

A

iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Irid/o

A

Iris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Kerat/o

A

cornea or horn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lacrim/o

A

tear or lacrimal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Mi/o

A

less or few

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Mydr/o

A

wide or enlarge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ocul/o

A

eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Ophthalm/o

A

eye or eyeball

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Opt/o

A

eye or vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Optic/o

A

related to the eyes or vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Palpebr/o

A

relating to the eyelid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Papill/o

A

rounded protuberance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Phac/o

A

lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Phot/o

A

light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Presby/o

A

old age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Pupill/o

A

pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Retin/o

A

retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Scler/o

A

sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Uve/o

A

middle layer of the eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Vitre/o

A

glass-like or glassy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Xer/o

A

dryness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

-opia

A

condition or defect of the eye or visual organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

-opsia

A

visual disorders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

-tropia

A

one or both eye deviate from the normal position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

O.D.

A

oculus dexter
(right eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

O.S.

A

oculus sinister
(left eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

O.U.

A

oculi unitas
(both eyes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is the cornea?

A

clear tissue over the iris and pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What happens when light enters the cornea?

A

refracted; allowing images to focus on the retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Does the cornea have blood vessels?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is cranial nerve 2?

A

optic nerve
sensory function and vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What is cranial nerve 3?

A

oculomotor
motor function
eye globe movement
iris muscle movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is cranial nerve 4?

A

trochlear nerve
motor function
oblique eye globe movement (roll eyes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What is cranial nerve 6?

A

abducens
motor function
lateral eye muscle movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What are the orbital bones in the orbital cavity?

A

ethmoid bone
frontal bone
lacrimal bone
mixilla
palatine bone
sphenoid bone
zygomatic bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What are 5 parts of the eyelids?

A

eye lashes
Meibomian glands
Palpebrae
Palpebrae fissure
Tarsal plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What does the eye lash do?

A

protects from airborne particlesW

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What are the Meibomian glands?

A

oil glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is the palpebrae?

A

thin layer of skin (eyelids)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What is the palpebrae fissure?

A

area between the eyelids (palpebrae)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is the tarsal plate?

A

fibrous connective tissue (under eyelid)
protects eye from light and injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What are the 4 rectus muscles of the eye?

A

inferior
lateral
medial
superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What are the 2 oblique muscles of the eye?

A

inferior
superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What are the 6 parts of the lacrimal apparatus of the eye?

A

lacrimal glands
lacrimal ducts
lacrimal canals
puncta
nasolacrimal duct
nasolacrimal sac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

What is the conjunctiva of the eye?

A

thin, transparent, mucous membrane
lines each eyelid
reflects on the bulbar conjuctiva

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What are the three tissue layers of the eyeball?

A

Fibrous tunic
vascular tunic
nervous tunic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What eye structures are in the fibrous tunic?

A

sclera
cornea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

What structures are in the vascular tunic?

A

choroid
ciliary body (aqueous humor)
iris
pupil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What structures are in the nervous tunic?

A

retina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What are the 2 cavities of the eye? What fluid is in them?

A

anterior- aqueous humor
posterior- vitreous humor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

What are the chambers of the eye? Where are they located?

A

in anterior cavity
anterior chamber
posterior chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

Of vitreous and aqueous humor, which one replenishes?

A

aqueous does

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

Where does the optic nerve enter the skull?

A

the optic foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

What is photoreception?

A

perception of waves of light to see

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

When looking at far away objects what happens to the pupil, ciliary muscle, ligaments, and lens?

A

pupil dilates
ciliary muscles relax
ligaments contract
lens becomes thinner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

When looking at nearby objects what happens to the pupil, ciliary muscle, ligaments, and lens?

A

pupil relaxes
ciliary muscles contract
ligaments relax
lens becomes thicker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

What is binocular vision?

A

each eye has its own vision; brought together by brain to one vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What is the fovea centralis?

A

small dimple at the back of the eyeball
sharpest visual acuity

69
Q

What is the macula lutea?

A

responsible for sharp vision

70
Q

What is the optic disk of the eye?

A

point of entry for the optic nerve

71
Q

What are photoreceptors?

A

light waves converted to electrical signals

72
Q

What are the two kinds of photoreceptors? What do they see?

A

rods- black and white
cones- color

73
Q

What are the 4 transparent (refractive media) structures of the eye?

A

cornea
aqueous humor
lens
vitreous humor

74
Q

What is a direct ophthalmoscope?

A

handheld instrument magnifies the focal point
evaluates the fundus and eye structures

75
Q

What is an indirect ophthalmoscope?

A

examines the retina with a wide focal point

76
Q

What is a phoropter test?

A

machine that allows range of corrective lenses to compare to find correct visual acuity

77
Q

What is a slit lamp test?

A

examines anterior of eye
pupil is dilated

78
Q

What is used to stain the cornea in a split lamp test?

A

fluorescein

79
Q

What studies can be done with a split lamp test?

A

lid margins
conjunctiva
cornea
iris

80
Q

What is a tonometer? What can be detected?

A

measures intra-ocular pressure (IOP) puff of air
glaucoma

81
Q

What is a fluorescein angiography?

A

evaluates and diagnoses retinal choroid diseases

82
Q

What is fluorescein angiography essential for?

A

planning laser treatment of retinal vascular disease

83
Q

What does the fluorescein illuminate?

A

dye to illuminate retina, choroid, vessels, and epithelium

84
Q

What does an ophthalmic ultrasonography do?

A

measures density of eye tissue

85
Q

What is an A-scan ophthalmic ultrasonography?

A

density measured in amplitude- output looks like an EKG
high density tissue produces an amplified wave

86
Q

What is a B-scan ophthalmic ultrasonography?

A

produces images that show a series of spots
denser the tissue darker the image

87
Q

What does an MRI and ct scan evaluate?

A

orbital and intracranial structures

88
Q

What is emmetropia?

A

20/20 vision
normal

89
Q

What is night blindness?

A

decreased ability to see at night
inadequate activation of rods in dim light

90
Q

What is color blindness?

A

1 or more classes of cones are nonfunctional
most common- red cones are missing (cannot distinguish between red and green light)

91
Q

What is convergence?

A

ability for eye muscles to coordinate and center on one visual field
= clear image on retina (good)

92
Q

What is strabismus?

A

lack of eye muscle coordination
eyes do not work together

93
Q

What is convergent strabismus?

A

cross-eyed
eyes deviate toward nasal side

94
Q

What is divergent strabismus?

A

lazy eye
eye deviates laterally

95
Q

What disorders are caused by diabetes?

A

diabetic retinopathy
optic atrophy
cataracts

96
Q

What is macular degeneration? What are the 2 types?

A

loss of vision in center of retina caused by damage to BV (blood vessels
dry and wet

97
Q

What is hyperopia? Where do light rays come together at? What causes it? What is the correction

A

refractive disorder
farsightedness (can’t see close)
focus behind the retina
abnormally short eyeball
glasses to increase light refraction

98
Q

Wha is Myopia? Where do light rays come together at? What causes it? What is the correction?

A

refractive disorder
nearsightedness (can’t see far)
focus in front of retina
eyeball to long
concave lens

99
Q

What is presbyopia?

A

lens loses elasticity (with age)
form of hyperopia or myopia
cant see to do close work (reader glasses)

100
Q

What is astigmatism?

A

found in hyperopia or myopia
irregular curvature of lens or cornea
incorrect bending of light

101
Q

What is glaucoma? What happens if its uncontrolled? Why have a surgery?

A

eye damage
progresses to atrophy of optic nerve, hardening of eyeball, and blindness
reduces tension in eye- drainage of aqueous humor

102
Q

What is open angled glaucoma?

A

most common
obstructs trabecular network between posterior and anterior chambers

103
Q

What is closed angled gluacoma?

A

shallow anterior chamber
trabecular network covered by iris or adhesions between iris and cornea

104
Q

What is a cataract?

A

a gray or silver clouding of the lens of the eye
usually only 1 eye operated on at a time

105
Q

What are factors promoting the formation of cataracts?

A

changes in metabolism
transport of nutrients
aging
diabetes
exposure to radiation
use of steroids

106
Q

What are symptoms of cataracts?

A

decreased visual acuity
blurred vision
poor vision in dim light
decreased blue/ green color vision

107
Q

What liter and position are eye surgeries done on?

A

eye liter
supine position
head on gel doughnut

108
Q

How are the eyelashes and eyebrows prepped?

A

eyebrows not shaved
eyelashes can be trimmed with scissors coated with a lubricant to catch

109
Q

What solutions are used as a prep?

A

5% betadine
tetracaine gtts or xylocaine topically
BSS balanced salt solution

110
Q

What areas are prepped for an eye surgery?

A

eyelid
inner and outer canthas
eyebrows
face
chin

111
Q

What is iridotomy? What does it treat?

A

incision into iris
creates opening from anterior to posterior chamber
closed angled glaucoma

112
Q

What is strabismus?

A

disorder where eyes do not properly align

113
Q

What are the two types of strabismus?

A

convergent
divergent

114
Q

What is convergent strabismus?

A

cross-eyed
eye deviate towards nasal

115
Q

What is divergent strabismus?

A

eye deviates laterally

116
Q

What is a muscle resection procedure?

A

portion of muscle is excised and severed end attached at point of original insertion
shortens and strengthens rectus muscles

117
Q

What is a muscle recession procedure?

A

muscle cut and reattached more posteriorly on sclera
lengthens and weakens rectus muscle

118
Q

What is a corneal transplant? What is another name for it?

A

grafting of cornea from a cadaver
keratoplasty

119
Q

What instrument is used for grafting a corneal transplant?

A

trephine- has a circular blade

120
Q

What conditions are required to have a corneal transplant?

A

corneal opacity from infection or thermal burns
keratoconus- irregular astigmatism
corneal scarring or thickening

121
Q

What is a pterygium? What procedure is used to fix it?

A

fleshy growth on conjunctiva
pterygium excision- scrape or excise from cornea

122
Q

What is dermatochalasis? What causes it?

A

ptosis- drooping
weak congenital superior rectus/ levator muscle
lacerated CN 3
aging

123
Q

What is a chalazion on the eyelid? How is it removed?

A

most common benign cyst/tumor
inflammation of the meibomian gland
incision and curettage

124
Q

What is an entropion eyelid?

A

lower eye lid turns inward
rarely seen under age 40

125
Q

What is an ectropion eyelid?

A

sagging and eversion of the eyelid
“bloodhound”
usually bilateral
common in elderly

126
Q

What is an enucleation of the eye/globe?

A

removal of entire eyeball including sclera
muscle and optic nerve severed
orbital contents left in place

127
Q

Why would an enucleation be done? What is the name of the implant?

A

malignant tumor
penetrating ocular wound
painful blind eye
infections
coralline hydroxyapatite sphere

128
Q

What is an evisceration procedure?

A

removal of eye ball leaving sclera in place
prosthesis moves

129
Q

What is an exenteration procedure?

A

removal of entire orbital contents including muscles, lacrimal gland, optic nerve, and various bones
malignancies and infections

130
Q

What is a trabeculectomy/ trabeculoplasty procedure?

A

incision in iris to fix open angled glaucoma
increases aqueous fluid

131
Q

What is an anterior vitrectomy? Why is it done?

A

retinal procedure
insertion of BSS to fill posterior cavity
Vitreous humor does not replenish itself

132
Q

What is a posterior vitrectomy? What is it also known as?

A

retinal procedure
removal of vitreous humor between retina and lens
pars plana vitrectomy

133
Q

What does posterior vitrectomy treat?

A

vitreal opacities
vitreal hemorrages
retinal detachments

134
Q

What is laser assisted in situ keratomileusis?

A

LASIK
reshapes stromal layer of cornea
(Corneal procedure)

135
Q

What is phacoemulsification?

A

breaks up and aspirates cataract or lens with ultrasonic vibrations

136
Q

What is Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery?

A

FLACS
corneal incision to create planes in translucent tissues

137
Q

What is an ICCE procedure?

A

intracapsular cataract extraction
entire lens removed
anterior and posterior capsules removed

138
Q

What is an ECCE procedure?

A

extracapsular cataract extraction
anterior capsule removed

139
Q

What is used to dissolve the lens zonules in an ICCE procedure?

A

alpha-chymotrypsin

140
Q

What is the benefit of an ECCE procedure?

A

smaller incision and less astigmatism

141
Q

What is a linear extraction procedure?

A

small incision into limbus (sclera meets iris)
usually on young adults

142
Q

What is an implantation of intraocular lens procedure? (IOL) What is it commonly used to treat?

A

implant of an artificial lens
aphakia (no lens)

143
Q

What is a posterior chamber lens(PCL)? what is the location?

A

implant when cataract removed by ECCE
behind the iris
most frequently used

144
Q

What is an anterior chamber lens (ACL)? what is its location?

A

implant when cataract removed by ICCE
in front of the iris

145
Q

What is a pneumatic retinopexy procedure?

A

injection of air to flatten retina to choroid

146
Q

What is scleral buckling?

A

implant of a wedge of silicone to apply pressure to fix retinal tear
used with cryosurgery

147
Q

What laser is used in eye surgery? What does the laser do to the retina?

A

argon laser
forms adhesions to seal breaks in retina

148
Q

What is a dacryocystorhinostomy procedure?

A

form a connection between lacrimal sac and nasal cavity through lacrimal bone

149
Q

When does a retrobulbar block get used?

A

not often
several serious risks
temporary paralysis
nerve block

150
Q

When does the topical anesthetic get used?

A

applied before injection to cornea

151
Q

When does local infiltration get used?

A

injected into skin beneath conjunctiva

152
Q

What is a peribulbar nerve block?

A

injection into soft tissue of the globe

153
Q

What are the 3 injectable medications in eye surgery?

A

procaine/ Novocain 1% to 4%
lidocaine/ xylocaine 1% to 2%
epinephrine commonly added

154
Q

What 2 medicines are used topically in eye surgery?

A

proparacaine/ proxymetacaine, alcaine, parcaine
hyaluronifase/ wydase- increases absorption of anesthetic agent

155
Q

What are examples of antibiotics for eye surgeries?

A

garamycin
neosporin
ciloxan- collagen shield

156
Q

What are some anti-inflammatory meds given in eye surgery cases?

A

depo-medrol
decadron
celestone

157
Q

What are examples of irrigants given in eye surgery cases?

A

BSS- balances salt solution
lactated ringers
BSS plus- additional enzymes (used during vitrectomies)

158
Q

What are miotics?

A

drug to constrict the pupil

159
Q

What are examples of miotics?

A

pilocarpine (almocarpine, nova-carpine)
miochol- expires in 15 min

160
Q

What are mydriatics?

A

drug to dilate pupils

161
Q

What are examples of mydriatics?

A

neo-synephrine- most common
mydrosin

162
Q

What are cycloplegics? When should you not give to a patient?

A

dilate pupils
paralysis ciliary muscle
someone with glaucoma

163
Q

What are examples of cycloplegics used in eye surgeries?

A

cyclogyl
atropine sulfate

164
Q

What are examples of vasoconstrictors used in eye surgeries?

A

epinephrine1:1000
epinephrine 1: 50000-200000
cocaine 4% to 10%
alpha-chymotrypsin

165
Q

What dye is used in eye surgeries? What color is it?

A

fluorescein sodium- stains cornea
yellow green in color- turns green @ abrasion

166
Q

What is a phacoemulsifier aspirator?

A

ultrasonic energy waves to break up cataract in ECCE

167
Q

What sutures are used in eye surgeries?

A

range from 4-0 to 10-0
single and double arm
handle minimally

168
Q
A

Surgical Tech 200 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions