Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OphthalmologyJaz > Ophth microbiology > Flashcards

Ophth microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

organisms that are seen in neonatal bacterial conjunctivitis

A

S aureus
Neisseria gonorrhea
Chlamydia trachomatis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

refer all cases of neonatal conjunctivitis to phthalmology as likely cause = an __

A

STI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

bacterial causes of conjunctivitis

A

S. aureus
H. influenzae (esp in kids)
strep pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis

A

swab for culture

chloramphenicol unless allergy/ Hx of aplastic anaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

signs of adenoviral conjunctivitis

A

very watery red eye, usually bilateral

after URTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

signs of a bacterial conjunctivitis

A

red eye, mucousy discharge

perhaps blurred vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Herpes simplex conjunctivitis signs =

A

unilateral usually
maybe blistering rash on eyelid
maybe a dendritic ulcer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

HZX sign that indicates nasociliary branch of ophthalmic nerve is affected

A

Hutchinson’s sign - vesicles on tip of nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

three signs that conjunctivitis may be due to chlamydia

A

chronic Hx
bilateral and unresponsive to Rx
in young adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

pathognomonic sign of chlamydial conjunctivitis

A

lymphatic collections in follicles on underside of eyelids = “rice grains”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bacterial keratitis s+S

A

large white lesion which stains with fluorescein (corneal ulcer)
hypopyon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

bacterial keratitis is usually associated with another ____/___

A 
corneal pathology (eg. reduced sensation)
contact lenses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

hypopyon =

A

white accumulation at bottom of iris

leukocytic exudate in anterior chamber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

treatment for bacterial keratitis =

A 
hrly drops (tobramycin-fortified or gentamicin-fortified) high risk
moderate risk = topical quinolone
low risk = topical polymyxin B/trimethoprim or sulfacetamide ophthalmic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

herpetic keratitis is ___ on first occurrence and then on recurrences = ___
signs =

A

very painful
reduced corneal sensation
vision reduced acutely
dendritic ulcers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

signs of adenoviral keratitis

A

subepithelial infiltrates (small and white) = blurred vision
bilateral
post URTI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

___ usually only causes keratitis is contact lens users who swim

A

acanthamoeba

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

__+__ are organisms that cause keratitis in contact lens wearers

A

acanthamoeba

pseudomonas aeruginosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

s+S of orbital cellulitis

A 
painful (esp on eye movements)
proptosis
ass w paranasal sinusitis often
pyrexial
sight threatening
20
Q

if suspect orbital abscess then imaging =

A

CT

21
Q

in optic nerve compression __ vision is first to go

A

colour vision

22
Q

chalazion =

A

stye

23
Q

dacrocystitis

A

blocked tear duct

24
Q

__+__ - the two types of orbital cellulitis

chich do you watch closely

A

pre-septal

orbital - watch closely

25
Q

organisms that cause orbital cellulitis

A

staph strep coliforms
h influ
anaerobes

26
Q

Rx for orbital cellulitis

A

broad spectrum Abx

27
Q

image orbital cellulitis if __/___

A

muscular or nerve dysfunction

28
Q

endophthalmitis =

A

devastating infection of the whole eye globe

29
Q

usual cause of endophthalmitis =

A

post-op

30
Q

s+s of endophthalmitis

A

v v painful
reduced vision
v red eye
sight threatening

31
Q

most common org of endophthalmitis =

org.s are usually ___ of the conjunctiva

A

S. epidermidis

commensals

32
Q

treatment of endophthalmitis

A

prophylactic Abx during eye Sx

intravitreal amikacin and vancomicin + topical Abx

33
Q

3 causes of chorioretinitis

A

CMV in IS/AIDs
toxoplasma gondii - reactivates in IC
toxocara canis =>granuloma and irreversible vision loss

34
Q

corneal scrapes are used to diagnose

A

bacterial keratitis

35
Q

swabs for culture from eye are used to diagnose

A

bacterial, chlamydial and viral conjunctivitis

36
Q

aqueous/vitreous for culture is used to diagnose ___

A

endophthalmitis

37
Q

microscopy/culture of eye is used to diagnose ___

A

acanthamoeba and contact lens cases

38
Q

serology of eye to diagnose __+___

A

toxocara

toxoplasma

39
Q

chloramphenicol inhibits _____
bactericidal for __+__
bacteriostatic for ____
side effects =

A

peptidyl transferase - bac protein formation
Strep + H influ
staph
allergy, irreversible aplastic anaemia, grey baby syndrome

40
Q

__+___ attack bacterial cell wall = bacterio___ for __+__ treatment

A

penicillins and cephalosporins
cidal
cellulitis and dacrocystitis

41
Q

keep eye drop bottles for up to __ as if longer then __

A

4 wks

contaminated esp by pseudomonas

42
Q

antiviral used for dendritic ulcers of the cornea

A

aciclovir 3% drops

43
Q

don’t give steroids for a dendritic ulcers as can cause __/___

A

corneal melt and perforation

44
Q

Rx for bacterial conjunctivitis

A 
chloramphenicol (for most except pseudo aeruginosa)
fusidic acid (S. aureus)
gentamicin (gram -ves - including P. aeruginosa)
45
Q

Rx for chlamydial conjunctivitis =

A

topical oxytetracycline (+PO azithromycin for genital inf)

46
Q

treatment for bacterial keratitis =

A

4- quinolone ofloxacin - most gram -ves but not strep pneum

gentamicin and cefuroxime - combo for most +ve and -ves

OphthalmologyJaz (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions