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OphthalmologyJaz > Oddballs > Flashcards

Oddballs Flashcards

1
Q

6/18, 6 means

A

test done at 6m

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2
Q

6/18, 6 means

A

test done at 6m

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3
Q

if Snellen test is done at 6m this number goes on the top/bottom?

A

top

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4
Q

+ prescription means you are

A

long sighted

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5
Q

minus prescription means you are

A

near sighted

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6
Q

+3.00/-1.00x180 +2.00
which is the correction for astigmatism in this spectacle prescription?
which is the reading correction for old age?

A

-1.00x180

+2.00

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7
Q

normal cup ratio =

A

0.5 to 0.6

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8
Q

Ix for ocular circulation

A

fluorescein angiography

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9
Q

trabeculectomy =

indication

A

Sx that causes drainage channel between anterior chamber and subconjunctival space - to control glaucoma if drugs not effective

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10
Q

__-___ = visually impaired

A

6/18 to 3/60

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11
Q

___ = legally blind

A

<3/60

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12
Q
A

6/18

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13
Q
A

6/30

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14
Q

most common cause of blindness in developed countries

A

ARMD

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15
Q

phaco emulsification (sutureless small incision) is an Rx for

A

cataracts

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16
Q

trochoma is prevalent where?
caused by __
features =

A 
Africa, Asia - dry hot climates
chlamydia trachomatis
scar (white lacy) under eyelid
contraction 
trichiasis
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17
Q

vaccine for trochoma =

A

azithromycin

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18
Q

river blindness aka

caused by __

A

onchocerciasis

parasitic fly

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19
Q

keratoconus =

A

irregular astigmatism - need a rigid contact lens

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20
Q

1 diopter (strength of lens) =
2 =
3=

A 
1 = focal length is 1m
2= 0.5m
3 = 0.33m
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21
Q

elderly need _ve lens to see __

A

+

nearby

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22
Q

anisometropia

A

difference between R+L ameteropia

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23
Q

antimetropic =

A

one eye long and the other is short sighted

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24
Q

ophthaloscopy:

if the observer has no refractive error but the ptnt is myopic then ___ lenses will be required

A

minus

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25
Q

ophthalmoscopy - observer removes glasses unless __

A

has an astigmatism

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26
Q

to examine red reflex ophthalmoscope lens should be on

A

0

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27
Q

get patient to look __ if looking at superior rectus through ophthalmoscope
ie. always ask them to look ___

A

up

in the direction of the portion of the retina you want to observe

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28
Q

methodical pattern of ophthalmoscope observation of retina =

A 
disc
sup temporal arcade vessels and retina
inf temporal arcade vessels and retina
inf nasal arcade vessels and retina
superior nasal arcade vessels and retina
macula
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29
Q

SH in ocular disease =

A

driving
hobbies
occupation

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30
Q

FH in ocular disease =

A

glaucoma
strabismus
pre-senile cataract

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31
Q

PMH 2 important aspects to ask in ocular disease =

A

vascular - diabetes, CHD, hbp etc.

endocrine eg. thyroid

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32
Q

past ocular hx =

A

glasses/contacts?
any conditions?
ambylopia squint in childhood?
previous trauma/Sx

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33
Q

visual aberrations =

A 
glare and haloes
metamorphopsia
blurring
flashing lights and floaters
diplopia (which direction, worse on any particular direction of gaze)
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34
Q

important questions about visual loss

A

sudden/gradual onset
duration - intermittent?
worsening/same/improving?
uni/bilateral, focal?
extent?
ass - distortion, headache, nausea, floaters
relieve/aggravate - new glasses? night? tiredness?

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35
Q

convergent squint =

A

esotropia

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36
Q

divergent squint =

A

exotropia

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37
Q

high eye =

A

hypertropia

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38
Q

low eye =

A

hypotropia

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39
Q

cover test is carried out at __ of a metre

A

1/3

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40
Q

cover test should be done at __ and ___ focussing

A

near and distant

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41
Q

if patient wears glasses what do you do in the cover test?

A

do with and without glasses to see what effect they have on the size of the deviation

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42
Q

intorsion is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

superior rectus

adduction

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43
Q

extorsion is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

inferior rectus

adduction

44
Q

depression is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

superior oblique

adduction

45
Q

elevation is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

inferior oblique

adduction

46
Q

intorsion is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

superior oblique

abduction

47
Q

extorsion is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

inferior oblique

abduction

48
Q

elevation is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

superior rectus

abduction

49
Q

depression is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

inferior rectus

abduction

50
Q

in swinging light test what is the normal result

A

both pupils stay equally constricted

51
Q

hypertropia and eye can’t depress in adduction = __ palsy

A

trochlear (IV)

52
Q

esotropia and eye cannot abduct = __ palsy

A

CNVI (abducens)

53
Q

exo and hypotropia, maybe dilated pupil and eye can only abduct + depress in adduction
ptosis = ___ palsy

A

CNIII (oculomotor palsy)

54
Q

if Snellen test is done at 6m this number goes on the top/bottom?

A

top

55
Q

+ prescription means you are

A

long sighted

56
Q

minus prescription means you are

A

near sighted

57
Q

+3.00/-1.00x180 +2.00
which is the correction for astigmatism in this spectacle prescription?
which is the reading correction for old age?

A

-1.00x180

+2.00

58
Q

normal cup ratio =

A

0.5 to 0.6

59
Q

Ix for ocular circulation

A

fluorescein angiography

60
Q

trabeculectomy =

indication

A

Sx that causes drainage channel between anterior chamber and subconjunctival space - to control glaucoma if drugs not effective

61
Q

__-___ = visually impaired

A

6/18 to 3/60

62
Q

___ = legally blind

A

<3/60

63
Q

less than ___ = reading difficulty

A

6/18

64
Q
A

6/30

65
Q

most common cause of blindness in developed countries

A

ARMD

66
Q

phaco emulsification (sutureless small incision) is an Rx for

A

cataracts

67
Q

trochoma is prevalent where?
caused by __
features =

A 
Africa, Asia - dry hot climates
chlamydia trachomatis
scar (white lacy) under eyelid
contraction 
trichiasis
68
Q

vaccine for trochoma =

A

azithromycin

69
Q

river blindness aka

caused by __

A

onchocerciasis

parasitic fly

70
Q

keratoconus =

A

irregular astigmatism - need a rigid contact lens

71
Q

1 diopter (strength of lens) =
2 =
3=

A 
1 = focal length is 1m
2= 0.5m
3 = 0.33m
72
Q

elderly need _ve lens to see __

A

+

nearby

73
Q

anisometropia

A

difference between R+L ameteropia

74
Q

antimetropic =

A

one eye long and the other is short sighted

75
Q

ophthaloscopy:

if the observer has no refractive error but the ptnt is myopic then ___ lenses will be required

A

minus

76
Q

ophthalmoscopy - observer removes glasses unless __

A

has an astigmatism

77
Q

to examine red reflex ophthalmoscope lens should be on

A

0

78
Q

get patient to look __ if looking at superior rectus through ophthalmoscope
ie. always ask them to look ___

A

up

in the direction of the portion of the retina you want to observe

79
Q

methodical pattern of ophthalmoscope observation of retina =

A 
disc
sup temporal arcade vessels and retina
inf temporal arcade vessels and retina
inf nasal arcade vessels and retina
superior nasal arcade vessels and retina
macula
80
Q

SH in ocular disease =

A

driving
hobbies
occupation

81
Q

FH in ocular disease =

A

glaucoma
strabismus
pre-senile cataract

82
Q

PMH 2 important aspects to ask in ocular disease =

A

vascular - diabetes, CHD, hbp etc.

endocrine eg. thyroid

83
Q

past ocular hx =

A

glasses/contacts?
any conditions?
ambylopia squint in childhood?
previous trauma/Sx

84
Q

visual aberrations =

A 
glare and haloes
metamorphopsia
blurring
flashing lights and floaters
diplopia (which direction, worse on any particular direction of gaze)
85
Q

important questions about visual loss

A

sudden/gradual onset
duration - intermittent?
worsening/same/improving?
uni/bilateral, focal?
extent?
ass - distortion, headache, nausea, floaters
relieve/aggravate - new glasses? night? tiredness?

86
Q

convergent squint =

A

esotropia

87
Q

divergent squint =

A

exotropia

88
Q

high eye =

A

hypertropia

89
Q

low eye =

A

hypotropia

90
Q

cover test is carried out at __ of a metre

A

1/3

91
Q

cover test should be done at __ and ___ focussing

A

near and distant

92
Q

if patient wears glasses what do you do in the cover test?

A

do with and without glasses to see what effect they have on the size of the deviation

93
Q

intorsion is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

superior rectus

adduction

94
Q

extorsion is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

inferior rectus

adduction

95
Q

depression is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

superior oblique

adduction

96
Q

elevation is the secondary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

inferior oblique

adduction

97
Q

intorsion is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

superior oblique

abduction

98
Q

extorsion is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

inferior oblique

abduction

99
Q

elevation is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

superior rectus

abduction

100
Q

depression is the primary action of ___ muscle it is strongest in ___

A

inferior rectus

abduction

101
Q

in swinging light test what is the normal result

A

both pupils stay equally constricted

102
Q

hypertropia and eye can’t depress in adduction = __ palsy

A

trochlear (IV)

103
Q

esotropia and eye cannot abduct = __ palsy

A

CNVI (abducens)

104
Q

exo and hypotropia, maybe dilated pupil and eye can only abduct + depress in adduction
ptosis = ___ palsy

A

CNIII (oculomotor palsy)

105
Q

causes of Horner’s syndrome =

A 
congenital
carotid aneurysm
lesions of neck
Pancoast tumour
MS/brain stem vascular disease

OphthalmologyJaz (13 decks)

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