Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

OphthalmologyJaz > Acute red eye > Flashcards

Acute red eye Flashcards

1
Q

most common cause of an acute red eye

A

conjunctivitis/blepharo-conjunctivitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

causes of an acute red eye (5)

A 
conjunctivitis/blepharo-conjunctivitis
keratitis
anterior uveitis
scleritis/episcleritis
AACG
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the reduction in ocular defenses that parkinsons causes

A

decreased blink rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

procedure for examining IOP digitally =

in glaucoma feels like :

A

ptnt closes eyes and looks down
ballot eye either side of sup rectus
“stony hard”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

inflamed eyelids aka

A

blepharitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

blepharitis where lid margin is redder than the deeper part of the lid =
two types and their distinguishing features =

A

anterior
Seborrhoeic (squamous) - scales on lashes
Staph - infection of lash follicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

posterior blepharitis is red in the ___ part of the lid

caused by

A

deeper

MGD - meibomian gland dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

symptoms of blepharitis

A

gritty eyes
FB sensation
mild discharge - crusting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

seborrhoeic blepharitis signs

A

lid margin red
++ scales
+ dandruff
no ulcers and lashes are unaffected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

staph blepharitis signs

A

lid margin red
lashes distorted (teepee sign)/lost/ingrowing (trichiasis)
styes
ulcers
corneal staining and marginal ulcers (due to exotoxin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

trichiasis =

A

ingrowing of eyelashes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

signs of posterior blepharitis

50% associated with

A 
lid margin skin and lashes unaffected
MG openings pouting and swollen
inspissated secretion at gland openings
chalazia
50% Rosacea (may=> corneal ulcers)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

chalazia =

Rx =

A

meibomian cysts

LA and curettage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

treatment to control blepharitis

A

daily bathing and warm compresses for lids
supplementary tear drops
PO doxycycline for 2-3months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

causes of conjunctivitis (5)

A 
infective(bac>viral>chlamydial)
allergic
chemical
drugs
skin eg eczema
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

sign of severe conjunctivitis - most commonly allergic –

A

chemosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

conjunctivitis causes a red eye that is ___ +___

A

more towards the fornicles

diffuse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

discharge in viral conjunctivitis is __

in bacterial is ___

A 
viral = serous
bac = mucopurulent
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

papillae in conjunctivitis suggest a __ cause

A

bacterial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

follicular conjunctivitis suggest a __/___ cause

A

viral or chlamydial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

pre-auricular glands are seen in ___ conjunctivitis

A

viral

22
Q

features of bacterial conjunctivitis

A

red and sticky eye
papillae
self limiting roughly 14 days
unilateral (then bilateral due to rubbing eye)

23
Q

causes of bacterial conjunctivitis

A

S. aureus (most common)
Strep pneum
H. influ

24
Q

papillae have ___ blood vessels

follicles look like ____ with ___ blood vessels

A 
papillae = central
follicles = grain of rice - peripheral
25
Q

drugs that can cause a follicular conjunctivitis

A

propine

trusopt

26
Q

causes of chronic conjunctivitis (6)

A 
blepharitis
chlamydia
keratoconjunctivitis sicca
lacrimal disease (chronic dacrocystitis)
sensitivity to topical glaucoma Rx
subtarsal FB
27
Q

2 types of corneal ulcers and their causes

A

central/infective (viral, bactrerial, acanthamoeba, fungal)

peripheral/AI (RA, hypersensitivity, GPA)

28
Q

s+s of keratitis (9)

A 
needle sharp pain
photophobia
profuse lacrimation
circumcorneal red eye
maybe decreased vision
abnormal corneal reflex
corneal opacity
stain with fluorescein
hypopyon
29
Q

exposure keratitis 2 causes

A

thyroid, CNIII paly cause ectropion

30
Q

neurotrophic keratitis underlying problem =

causes =

A

tears not stimulated
diabetes
HZV
CNV1

31
Q

___ deficiency can cause keratitis

caused by __/___ possibly

A

vit A
liver disease
bariatric Sx

32
Q

Ix for keratitis

A

cornela reflex?
fluorescein
opacity/oedema/vascularisation on exam?
corneal scrape for gram stain and culture

33
Q

treatment for bacterial keratitis

A

ofloxacin hrly for at least 48hrs

34
Q

treatment for herpetic keratitis

A

aciclovir ointment for 5 days /PO

35
Q

AI keratitis Rx

A

oral / topical steroids

36
Q

causes of anterior uveitis

A 
AI (ank spond, Reiters UC, Sarcoid)
infective (tb, HS/Z, syphilis)
leukaemia
idiopathic
trauma
37
Q

s+s of anterior uveitis (8)

A 
dull ache often referred to brow
maybe reduced vision
photophobia
circumcorneal red eye
cells and flare in anterior chamber 
keratic precipitates
hypopyon
synechiae
38
Q

synechiae =

A

iris adheres to cornea => small/irregular pupil

39
Q

ciliary injection => what sign?

A

circumcorneal red eye

40
Q

Rx for anterior uveitis

A 
topical steroids (Pred Forte 1% hrly - taper over 4-8wks)
mydriatics (cyclophentolate 1% bd - breaks synechiae)
41
Q

Rx to break synechiae

A

cyclophentolate 1% bd (mydriatic)

42
Q

phenylephrine test result in episcleritis

A

vessels blanch

43
Q

Rx for episcleritis

A

time

or lubricants/topical NSAIDS/mild steroids

44
Q

episcleritis/scleritis is serious?

A

scleritis

45
Q

scleritis is very ___, associated with __+___, ___ => violaceous hue

A

painful
uveitis and systemic vasculitides (eg. RA, GPA)
injection of deep vascular plexus

46
Q

phenylephrine test result in scleritis

A

vessels are deeper and so dont blanch

47
Q

Rx for scleritis

A

PO NSAIDs /
PO steroids /
steroid sparing agents

48
Q

____ precipitates acute closed angle glaucoma and so it is worse at ___

A

pupil dilatation

night

49
Q

s+s of acute closed angle glaucoma

A 
severe pain may lead to nausea
circumcorneal injection
oedematous/cloudy cornea
pupil mid dilated
eye stony hard
50
Q

at risk groups for AACG (2)

A 
elderly
hypermetropic (small orbit = less space)

OphthalmologyJaz (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions