Operating system Flashcards

1
Q

Define OS

A

this is the software that manages and controls all the computer’s hardware.

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2
Q

describe the OS

A
  • it is loaded into RAM once the computer is switched on.
  • it runs the entire time the computer is turned on.
  • it is the platform on which all application software runs.
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3
Q

list the communication link in order

A

userapplicationOShardware

  • the OS serves as a link between application software and the computer’s hardware
  • the OS provides a platform on which application software can run.
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4
Q

list the functions and services of the OS

A
  • memory management
  • process/task management
  • device management
  • file management
  • security
  • user interface
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5
Q

describe memory management

A
  • the OS assigns a certain amount of memory to running programs.
  • if there is not sufficient RAM then the OS will use part of the hard disk (a space allocated for Virtual memory)
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6
Q

define virtual memory

A

memory that appears to exist as main storage although most of it is supported by data held in secondary storage, transfer between the two being made automatically as required.

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7
Q

describe process management.

part 1

A
  • multiple software are normally executed at once (by users and in backgrounds)
  • the OS assign resources (such as printers and hard disk) in a controlled manner to processes currently running.
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8
Q

describe process management

part 2

A
  • protects one program from corrupting another program’s data
  • if a program crashes, the OS will kill it or shut it down without affecting other programs.
  • the OS assigns each program a certain amount of CPU time (to users it may appear that several programs are running at the same time.)
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9
Q

describe security

A
  • provides security by requiring users to authenticate themsevles [username and password]
  • the OS manages a user’s home directories, by keeping them safe from other users.
  • the OS maintains a list of permissions controls user access- applies to shared files, folders and peripheral devices.
  • the OS will have firewall systems on networks to :
    1. restrict incoming and outgoing traffic
    2. prevent unauthorised access
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10
Q

describe user interface

A
  • the OS provides an interface to allow the user to interact with and operate the computer.
  • allows for the starting and stopping of programs, switching between programs, and management of files. (create, move, copy and delete.)
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11
Q

list the main types of interfaces.

A
  • command line interface (CLI) [user types a series of commands using a keyboard
  • graphical user interface (GUI) [user uses a mouse or pointing device]
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12
Q

describe device management

A
  • transparently controls all hardware devices (disk drives, printers, screens.)
  • the OS schedules when a device can be used by a process and for how long. for example, a printing of one file can start only when another is completed.
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13
Q

describe file management

A
  • the OS keeps a tract of where different files can be found using an index
  • the OS controls the disk by telling it which data to save and in what sector.
  • the user tells the OS logically what folder to save the file in and what to name the file.
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14
Q

how RAM and Virtual memory work with each other

A

research this

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15
Q

different process states

A

research this

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16
Q

explain the pre-emptive process scheduling- Round Robin

A

research this

17
Q

explain the pre-emptive process scheduling- Shorting job first

A

research this

18
Q

explain the non-preemptive process scheduling-

first come first serve

A

research this.