Internet_Textbook Flashcards
Internet
this is a global system of computers connected to each other.
computers use the ___ for communication
TCP/IP
internet is only one of many possible networks,
__ or ___ also exist
telephone networks
broadcasting networks
the internet was first conceived in ___ by the _____ (APRA) of the US government
1969
advanced research projects agency
APRA
Advanced research projects agency.
NCSA
national center for supercomputing applications
in 1993 which browser was created?
NCSA Mosaic web browser
the internet is a ___ that uses ____ for communication
WAN
TCP/IP protocol
the internet should not be confused with the WWW, which is one particular ____ that is based on the internet
application
Internet application
is a software product that uses the internet infrastructure.
such as email, FTP or internet telephony
Web application
- is an application program that runs inside a web browser.
- web applications have the advantage that they do not require other programs besides web browsers to run.
example of web application ____
word processing software program that is used from within the web browser.
Internet full definition
This is a global network of computers (or hosts) that all use the TCP/IP protocol. A wide variety of applications can use the Internet infrastructure, such as the WWW, e-mail, instant messaging, chat rooms etc.
Intranet full definition
This is a private network that uses the same technology as the Internet. Intranets are not accessible to the public. -Companies and other organizations use Intranets to connect computers together to share and exchange information.
- Intranets should not be confused with local area networks (LANs), which are limited to one geographic area’ such as a building or a campus.
- An Intranet is limited to organization, regardless of whether the organization’s various offices are located in one area or not.
www
world wide web
-refers to the viewing of webpages using a web browser software
- electronic mail is one of the most common internet applications
- allows sending of messages from person to person and is therefore a personal communication medium.
newsgroups
- users can read and post questions to a public (or restricted) bulletin board.
- Other users can read the information and respond.
- This is a popular method for questions over a broad range of different topics.
FTP
File transfer using file transfer protocol (FTP):
- Files can be transferred from computer to computer using this protocol.
- To transfer the files, an FTP client is necessary.
Instant messaging (chat rooms)
the sending of short messages to either one particular person or a group of people.
voice over internet protocol (VOIP)
- This is the real-time communication that uses voice.
- The sound is sent using the Internet connection and not the (analogue) telephone line.
internet protocol television (IPTV)
-This refers to the delivery of television programmes using the Internet infrastructure and not the traditional broadcasting medium.
telnet
this allows the user to login to another system to perform administrative tasks.
podcasts
- Audio files (e.g. radio programmes) can be automatically downloaded and listened to on either the computer or portable MP3 players.
- These files are often published on a regular basis and can be downloaded with the use of a “podcatching” program.
____ program is used to download audio files published on regular basis.
podcatching
define extranet
- Like the Intranet, an Extranet is a private network.
- It is not limited to an organization’s internal communication but is used to communicate with business partners.
- These business partners can exchange data directly with the company using the Extranet.
- An Extranet may or may not use the infrastructure of the Internet.
- It is also possible to use communication lines that are not accessible to the public.
- For example, the Intranet of a bank may be connected to an Extranet that is responsible for data transmission of the bank’s money machines (i.e. ATMs), however, this Extranet not publicly accessible.
the www greatly contributed to the internet’s increase popularity because it allows users to easily access ____ and to browse the web
hypertext resources
URL
uniform resource locator
-is a web address of a website.
list the parts of URL
- protocol
- subdomain
- domain
- path to the file
- file name
protocol
3 common types are ftp, http and https
subdomain
in many cases, this is www, although it can be something else
domain
all webpages of the same website have the same domain
path to the file
indicates the directory on the server where the file can be found.
file name
this is the actual file being displayed in the browser.
what are protocols? full definition
- Protocols are communication standards that are needed for computers to communicate with each other in an organized manner.
- Data transmission over the Internet requires several protocols to work together, with each protocol being responsible for different tasks.
Protocols define standards on how communication should be started and ended, what to do in the case of transmission errors; and what to do if the network connection breaks down
what is HTTP and HTTPS?
- hypertext transmission protocol and secure hypertext transmission protocol are protocols used by www.
- needed to load webpages into a web browser.
- built upon the TCP/IP protocols
- responsible for problem-free data transmission between the web server and the client requesting the webpage.
