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DOCTOR OF DENTAL MEDICINE 3 FIRST SEM MIDTERMS > ONCOLOGY PRELIMS > Flashcards

ONCOLOGY PRELIMS Flashcards

1
Q

how does biologic therapy work?

A

induce immune system to attack cancer cells and make cancer cell easier for the body to revognize

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2
Q

main treatment for leukemia and aplastic anemia is?

A

bone marrow transplant

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3
Q

treatment of choice for brain cancer, bladder, melanoma and testicular cancer

A

vinblastine

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4
Q

is also called a tumor supressor gene

A

P53

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5
Q

the main therapy for metastatic cancers

A

chemotherapy

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6
Q

attacks negatively charged sites of the DNA

A

alkylating agents

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7
Q

inhibits topoisomerase by forming complex with the enzyme and DNA

A

anthracyclines

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8
Q

causes cancer by forming free oxygen radicals

A

anthracyclines

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9
Q

meditation, massage, quack doctors, acupuncture are examples of

A

CAM II

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10
Q

CAM I are

A

ingested or injected herbals, vitamins,organics, chemicals, and diets

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11
Q

works by blocking the actions of different hormones to stop cancer from growing

A

hormone therapy

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12
Q

a novel cancer treatment which works by exposing a photosensitizing drug to specific wavelengths of light to kill cancer cells

A

PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY PDT

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13
Q

biopsy is used for

A

diagnostic purposes

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14
Q

cancer vaccine or vaccine therapies mechanism

A

teaches the immune system to attack and destroy cancer cells

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15
Q

cancer vaccine is similar to

A

biologic therapy

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16
Q

bind with high affinity to the microtubules and inhibit their normal functions

A

taxanes

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17
Q

treatment choice for breast and lung cancer

A

Vinorelbine

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18
Q

deals with tumors including the origin development and diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant neoplasm

A

oncology

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19
Q

what is a neoplasm

A

new growth, uncontrolled growth of abnormal tissue

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20
Q

2 general characteristics of a neoplams

A

behave as parasite and autonomy

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21
Q

tumor could be due to?

A

malformation, reparative process, an inflammation, and neoplasm

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22
Q

2 types of neoplasm

A

benign and malignant

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23
Q

an important feature of malignant tumor is the ability to

A

metastasize

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24
Q

it is the transfer of cancer cells to other parts of the body

A

metastasis

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25
Q

it is the capability to induce cancer

A

oncogenicity

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26
Q

any gene that is a causative factor in the initiation of cancerous growth

A
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27
Q

cell proliferation growth stes

A

regeneration, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia, anaplasia

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28
Q

criterias by which a diagnosis is made in primary lesions

A

anaplasia and evidence of invasion

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29
Q

variable in size and shape

A

pleomorphism

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30
Q

adaptive substitution by one type of adult or fully differentiated cell to another

A

metaplasia

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31
Q

the main cause of metaplasia is

A

vitamin A deficiency

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32
Q

T OR F: metaplasia of the connective tissue is reversible

A

F= it is irreversible because it causes permanent damage to the site of injury

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33
Q

four characteristics of dysplasia

A

loss of uniformity of the individual cells
loss of architectural orientation
pleomorphism
hyperchromatic nuclei

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34
Q

cells of benign or malignant neoplasm

A

oncocytes

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35
Q

quantitative increas ein cells

A

hyperplasia

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36
Q

ability to regrow lost body parts

A

regeneration

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37
Q

localized tumors

A

benign tumors

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38
Q

carcinomas are malignant tumors of?

A

epithelial tissues

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39
Q

sarcomas are malignant tumors of ?

A

mesenchymal tissues

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40
Q

chondroma

A

benign tumor of the cartiliganous tissue

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41
Q

parenchyma are

A

the cells of a neoplasm

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42
Q

it is the supporting layer of connective tissue, blood vessels, and lymphatics of the parenchyma

A

stroma

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43
Q

fleshy tumor

A

sarcoma

44
Q

firm tumor

A

desmoplasia/ schirrous tumor

45
Q

very little fibrous stroma soft and fleshy

A

sarcoma

46
Q

t or f: neoplastic cells divide more rapidly than normal cell

A

tama tih

47
Q

pathway wherein reimplantation of cancer happens on distant sites

A

seeding of cancer

48
Q

breast cancer pathway

A

lymphatic drainage

49
Q

due to unsterilized instruments

A

transplantation

50
Q

pass through capillaries

A

blood vessels invasion

51
Q

mechanisms of invasion

A

a. laminin molecule
2. attachment of tumor cells in the laminin molecule
3. attachment of the tumor cell to the basement membrane via the laminin molecule
4. dissolution
5. invasion

52
Q

enumerate the epithelial odontogenic tumor (5)

A
  1. ameloblastoma
  2. calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor
  3. adenomatoid odontogenic tumor
    4.squamous odontogenic tumor
  4. clear cell odontogenic tumor
53
Q

located in mandibular molar areas

A

ameloblastoma

54
Q

it is the soft tissue counterpart of ameloblastoma

A

extraosseous peripheral ameloblastoma

55
Q

clinical features of ameloblastoma

A
  • benign non agressive course
  • asymptomatic jaw expansion
    -tooth movement and malocclusion
  • affects impacted posterior teeth
56
Q

t or f: ameloblastomas are only unilocular

A

false: both multi and unilocular

57
Q

polarization of cells around proliferating rest, budding of tumor cells, loosely arranged cells in the middle

A

ameloblastoma

58
Q

multicystic lesions:surgical excision
unicystic lesion

A

enucleation

59
Q

pinborg tumor is also known ans

A

calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor

60
Q

etiology of CEOT

A

unknown

61
Q

snow driven appearance

A

CEOT

62
Q

can be mixed lucent and opaque

A

ceot

63
Q

the radiopaque foci in CEOT represents

A

calcified islands

64
Q

histopathological salient feature of CEOT is the presence of

A

LIESEGANG RINGSB

65
Q

T OR F: anaplasia can be seen in CEOT

A

true

66
Q

molar ramus region

A

ceot

67
Q

presenec of enameloid islands

A

adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

68
Q

adenomatoid odontogenic tumor is also known as

A

2/3 tumor

69
Q

location of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

A

anterior portion of the maxilla

70
Q

divergence of roots between anterior teeth

A

AOT

71
Q

rosettes or duct like structures are salient features of

A

adenomatoid odontogenic tumor

72
Q

differential diagnosis of AOT

A

dentigerous cyst, lateral root cyst, ceot, calcifying odontogenic cell

73
Q

the only malignant epithelial odontogenic tumor is

A

clear cell odontogenic tumor

74
Q

location of squamous odontogenic tumor

A

anterior maxilla nd posterior mandible

75
Q

etiology og squamous odontogenic tumor

A

neoplastic transformation of the epithelial rests of malassez

76
Q

anterior portion of the maxilla

A

aot

77
Q

the presence of enameloid materials scattered

A

aot

78
Q

well circumscribed with semilunar lesions in the roots

A

Squamous odonogenic tumore

79
Q

found more in women over 60 yrs of age

A

clear cell odontogenic tumor

80
Q

locally aggressive and metastases to lungs and regional lymph nodes

A

ccot

81
Q

treatment for CCOT

A

en bloc resection

82
Q

poor prognosis

A

CCOT

83
Q

enumerate the mesenchymal odontogenic tumor

A

odontogenic myxoma, central odontogenic fibroma, cementifying fibroma, cementoblastoma, periapical cemental dysplasia

84
Q

there is cortical expansion rather than perforation

A

odontogenic myxoma

85
Q

female around 40 years old are effected

A

cementifying fibroma

86
Q

similar to ameloblastoma

A

central odontogenic fibroma

87
Q

treatment for cementifying odontogenic fibroma is

A

enucleation or excision

88
Q

histopathology shows globules surrounded by eosinophilic cementoid and cementoblasts

A

cementifying fibroma

89
Q

treatment of cementifying fibroma

A

sacrifice affected too throigh enucleation and excision

90
Q

biopsy is needed in this tumor

A

florid osseous dysplasia/pagets disease

91
Q

why is biopsy needed in pagets disease

A

to rule out serum alkaline phosphate

92
Q

treatment for florid osseous dysplasia

A

no treatment is necessary

93
Q

hamartoma rather than a neoplasm

A

odontoma

94
Q

odontoma is common in what age group

A

children and young adults

95
Q

compound odontoma location

A

anterior

96
Q

complex odontoma location

A

posterior

97
Q

stages of periapical cemental dysplasia
early:
mature:
final:

A

continuous wiht the PDL space
mottled appearance due to bone repaire
solid opaque lesionsurrounded by lucent ring

98
Q

amorphous masses or cauliflower in appearance on a radiograph

A

complex odontoma

99
Q

appearance of compund odontoma

A

several mature teeth in a single focus

100
Q

presence of ghost cell keratinization

A

odontoma

101
Q

there is general absence of collagen

A

ameloblastic fibroma, fibroodontoma

102
Q

genes can be used to prevent blood vessels from forming thus starving tumor to death in a process called

A

antiangiogenesis

103
Q

stops cancer cell multiplication and replication

A

vinca alkaloids

104
Q

act by forming a complex with topoisomerase and DNA resulting in the inhibition and function of the topoisomerase enzyme

A

camptothecan analogs

105
Q

most potent carcinogens

A

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonswe

106
Q

weak carcinogens

A

direct acting alkylating agents

107
Q

degrees of risk to UV

A

quantity of melanin on the skin and intensity of exposure

DOCTOR OF DENTAL MEDICINE 3 FIRST SEM MIDTERMS (15 decks)

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