Offender Treatment 2 Flashcards
Most commonly, SO’s will have an ____-focused coping strategy, leaving them vulnerable to anxiety, depression, psychological distress, sex-focused coping and inappropriate fantasies.
Most commonly, SO’s will have an EMOTION-focused coping strategy, leaving them vulnerable to anxiety, depression, psychological distress, sex-focused coping and inappropriate fantasies.
Avoidance-focused coping and emotion-focused coping are associated with what?
Anxiety, depression, stress, inappropriate fantasies.
What is offence supportive thinking?
Offence supportive thinking refers to deeply embedded attitudes which affect thinking style. Offence supportive thinking is NOT minimizing the consequences of an event or making an excuse for an event.
Research suggests that sexual offenders are ____ as empathetic towards victims as non-offenders when the victim is an accident victim.
Research suggests that sexual offenders are EQUALLY as empathetic towards victims as non-offenders when the victim is an accident victim.
This level of empathy is slightly reduced if the victim is a victim of a sexual act and even further still is the victim is their own. So, sexual offenders don’t lack empathy per se.
How can we increase offender empathy towards victims?
Ask offenders to write a letter to their victim(s).
Sexual offenders typically have very low ___-____.
Sexual offenders typically have very low self-esteem.
___-____ orientation is a major predictor of violent recidivism.
Anti-social orientation is a major predictor of violent recidivism.
As well as having an anti-social orientation, another major prediction of violent recidivism in sexual offenders is what?
Deviant sexual preferences.
x-20% of men admit to at least 1 incident of sexual aggression.
5%-20% of men admit to at least 1 incident of sexual aggression.
What percentage of the adult male population will eventually be convicted of a sexual crime?
1%-2% of the adult male population will eventually be convicted of a sexual crime.
What is the typical recidivism rate of sexual offenders within 5 years of release?
10%-15% of sexual offenders will reoffend within 5 years of their release (around 1 in 10).
Sexual recidivism is associated with at least 2 broad factors. What are they?
- Deviant sexual interests
2. Antisocial orientation
Deviant sexual interests refer to an enduring attraction to sexual acts that are ____.
Deviant sexual interests refer to an enduring attraction to sexual acts that are ILLEGAL.
Antisocial orientation refers to an antisocial ____ such as impulsivity, unemployment and drug abuse.
Antisocial orientation refers to an antisocial TRAITS such as impulsivity, unemployment and drug abuse.
____ are more likely than child molesters to have an anti-social orientation.
RAPISTS are more likely than child molesters to have an anti-social orientation.
In addition to deviant sexual preferences and an anti-social orientation, there may be 3 other characteristics of persistent sexual offenders:
- Negative ____ background
- Problems forming ____ bonds
- Attitudes which are ____ of sexual assault
In addition to deviant sexual preferences and an anti-social orientation, there may be 3 other characteristics of persistent sexual offenders:
- Negative FAMILY background
- Problems forming AFFECTIONATE bonds
- Attitudes which are TOLERANT of sexual assault
Sexual offenders are more likely to reoffend with a __-____ offence than with a ____ offence.
Sexual offenders are more likely to reoffend with a NON-SEXUAL offence than with a SEXUAL offence.
Sexual deviancy appears to be _____ to non-sexual recidivism. That is, sexual deviancy only predicts _____ recidivism.
Sexual deviancy appears to be UNRELATED to non-sexual recidivism. That is, sexual deviancy only predicts SEXUAL recidivism.
Having a negative family background and internalisation of psychological problems are predictive of the initiial offence, but not recidivism. That is, the factors which initiate sexual offences may not be the same as the factors associated with _____.
Having a negative family background and internalisation of psychological problems are predictive of the initial offence, but not recidivism. That is, the factors which initiate sexual offences may not be the same as the factors associated with RECIDIVISM.
There is some evidence to suggest that sexual offenders are _____ likely to respond to stress through sexual acts and fantasies than other groups.
There is some evidence to suggest that sexual offenders are MORE likely to respond to stress through sexual acts and fantasies than other groups (thereby creating discrete time period where they are at increased risk of sexual recidivism).
Evidence suggests that fully disclosing personal history is associated with ____ outcomes in psychotherapy (Kelly, 2000).
Evidence suggests that fully disclosing personal history is associated with POOR outcomes in psychotherapy (Kelly, 2000).
