oesophagus and stomach

Question 1

what two sections is the lower oesophageal sphincter split into

Answer 1

internal component, external component

Question 2

what is the internal component built into

Answer 2

circular smooth muscle of oesophageal wall

Question 3

what is the external component formed by

Answer 3

right crus of diaphragm

Question 4

what type of control is the right crus of diaphragm under

Answer 4

voluntary control

Question 5

functions of lower oesophageal sphincter

Answer 5

allow movement of food and fluid into stomach, ensure acidic contents of stomach remain separate from vulnerable oesophageal tissue

Question 6

what is z-line

Answer 6

visible threshold between epithelia of oesophagus and stomach

Question 7

what prevents reflux and impact of pregnancy

Answer 7

diaphragm acting on lower oesophageal sphincter (can fail during pregnancy as foetus pushes stomach upwards, so sphincter pushed higher up into thorax and as negative pressure acid moves up