malnutrition and nutrition assessment Flashcards
define malnutrition
state of nutrition in which imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients causes measurable adverse effects on tissue or body form, and function and clinical outcome
diagnosing malnutrition
nutrition screening then nutrition assessment
describe nutrition screening
quick, simple and practical; during initial assessment of patient or at regular intervals by a non-nutrition professional
describe nutrition assessment
more detailed, in depth; could use anthropometrics; by a dietitian or specialist nutrition nurse
methods of assessing nutritional status: body size changes
weight, % weight loss, BMI, muscle circumference, handgrip, skinfold thickness
methods of assessing nutritional status: food intake
diet history, 3-7 day food diary
methods of assessing nutritional status: biochemistry
albumin and CRP, creatinine, cholesterol
5 enteral access routes
nasogastric, gastrostomy, nasoduodenal, nasojejunal, jejunostomy
define refeeding syndrome
syndrome consisting of metabolic disturbances due to reinstitution of nutrition to patients who arestarved or severely malnourished
consequences of refeeding syndrome
hypophosphataemia, hypokalaemia, hypomagnesia; all impact cardiac, respiratory and neuro-muscular systems
3 managements of refeeding syndrome
daily biochemistry by replacing electrolytes as required; vitamin suppplementation for first 10 days of feeding (vitamin B co strong/thiamine); start nutrition support at maximum of 10 kcal/kg/day, increasing slowly