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Gastrointestinal Conditions (JBR) > Oesophageal tumours > Flashcards

Oesophageal tumours Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main benign oesophageal tumours?

A

Squamous papillomas

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2
Q

What are features of oesophageal squamous papillomas?

A

Rare

HPV related?

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3
Q

What are symptoms of benign squamous papillomas of the oesophagus?

A

Asymptomatic

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4
Q

What are rare benign oesophageal tumours of the oesophagus?

A

Leiomyomas
Lipomas
Fibro-vascular polyps
Granular cell tumours

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5
Q

Most oesophageal cancers occur in the?

A

Lower 1/3 of the oesophagus

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6
Q

What are the two types of malignant oesophageal tumours?

A

Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs)

Adenocarcinomas (ACs)

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7
Q

Oesophageal SCCs are related to?

A

Smoking and diet

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8
Q

What are other risk factors for oesophageal SCC besides smoking and diet?

A

Vitamin A and zinc deficiency, acid, strong tea, HPV, oesophagi’s, genetic

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9
Q

What is the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas of the oesophagus?

A

Normal - GORD - severe dysplasia

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10
Q

How do you treat oesophageal SCCs?

A

Radical radiotherapy (surgery not really an option)

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11
Q

Oesophageal adenocarcinomas are related to?

A 
Smoking
Alcohol
Barrett's 
Hiatus hernia
Obesity
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12
Q

What is the pathophysiology behind adenocarcinomas?

A 
Squamous oesophagus 
Chronic inflammation
Barrett's
Low-grade dysplasia
High-grade dysplasia
Invasive (adenocarcinoma)
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13
Q

Incidence of AC of the oesophagus is higher in?

A

Males, obesity, and lower 1/3rd of the oesophagus

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14
Q

How is an AC of the oesophagus treated?

A

Ma bye suitable for endoscopic resection

If no metastases and no significant co-morbidities consider oesophagectomy +/- neoadjuvant chemotherapy

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15
Q

How does an oesophageal cancer present?

A

Generalised malignancy symptoms

Dysphagia (from tumour obstruction

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16
Q

What are general symptoms of malignancy? (in GI)

A 
Weight loss 
Indigestion
Fatigue
Bloating 
Abdominal pain
17
Q

What are complications of oesophageal tumours?

A

Stricture - severe dysphagia - severe malnutrition (causes many to be unfit for surgery)

18
Q

What are the methods of metastases of malignant oesophageal tumours?

A

Direct invasion
Lymphatic permation
Vascular invasion

19
Q

The treatment for oesophageal cancer depends on?

A

Staging

Gastrointestinal Conditions (JBR) (33 decks)

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