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Gastrointestinal Conditions (JBR) > LFTs > Flashcards

LFTs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the true liver function tests?

A

Albumin

PT

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2
Q

What are the liver enzymes?

A

Alk Phos
ALT / AST
Gamma-GT (GGT)
Bilirubin

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3
Q

Wha does increased ALT mean?

A

Damage to liver cells

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4
Q

Marked increase in ALT indicates?

A

Hepatitis

Liver ischaemia

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5
Q

Between ALT and AST; which is specific to the liver?

A

ALT

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6
Q

A raised AST indicates the same thing as a raised?

A

ALT

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7
Q

If ALT > AST = ?

A

Chronic liver disease

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8
Q

If AST > ALT = ?

A

Cirrhosis, alcoholic liver disease

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9
Q

Increased ALP indicates`

A

Damage to liver cells

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10
Q

Marked increase in ALP indicates?

A

Gallstones, PBC; PSC, pancreatic Cancer, drugs

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11
Q

GGT mirrors?

A

ALP

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12
Q

GGT is raised in?

A

Alcohol misuse and enzyme-inducing drugs

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13
Q

Unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia indicates?

A

Drugs

Physiological neonatal jaundice

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14
Q

Conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia?

A

Hepatocellular dysfunction

Imparied hepatic secretion

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15
Q

What is the difference between unconjugated and conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia?

A 
Conjugate = water-sobuble --> excreted in urine
Unconjugated = insoluble --> not excreted in urine
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16
Q

How long does it take for albumin to be affected?

A

20 days

17
Q

What does decreased albumin and decreased protein indicate?

A

Advanced cirrhosis
Alcoholism
Malnutrition

18
Q

What does decreased albumin and normal protein indicate?

A

Infection

19
Q

What LFT changes does hepatitis show?

A

Predominant rise in ALT/ AST

20
Q

What is the ULN for ALT?

A

55

21
Q

What LFT changes are shown in NAFLD?

A

Modest elevation in ALT (unlikely if > 250)

22
Q

What LFT changes are shown with Cholestasis?

A

ALP and Bili (with some GGT) rise

ALT middle elevated or normal

23
Q

The ULN for ALP is dependent on?

A

Age and sex

24
Q

ULN for Bili is approx?

A

22

25
Q

What LFT changes would PBC show?

A

May have slightly elevated ALP and slightly high Bili (if more advanced)

26
Q

What is the most common cause of a mixed LFT pattern (hepatic & cholestatic)

A 
Alcohol
Obstructing parenchymal tumours 
Drug induced (flucloxacillin, co-amoxiclav & NSAIDs)

Gastrointestinal Conditions (JBR) (33 decks)

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