Oedema

Question 1

What stops the lungs being full of fluid ?

Answer 1

Lower pressure so water moves out (follows osmotic pressure)

Question 2

What is the oncotic pressure?

Answer 2

Part of total osmotic pressure generated by plasma proteins

Question 3

Transudate

Answer 3

When formed because of a disturbance of trans-capillary forces and capillary wall is intact, fluid has same composition as normal in interstitial, contains minimal protein

Question 4

Exudate

Answer 4

Capillary damage increases permeability so protein can pass - fluid loss into interstitial is exudative and high in protein

Question 5

Acute hypovolaemia

Answer 5

Fall in capillary p[ressure lowers outward hydrostatic gradient
= net expansion of circulating volume from a shift of fluid from interstitial space

Question 6

causes of oedema

Answer 6

Increased fluid loss (heart failure, venous obstruction)
Decreased fluid reabsorption (low albumin conc)
Impaired lymphatic return