ocular: sympathetics

Question 0

direct adrenergic agonist that dilates episcleral vessels to increase aqu outflow and tx glaucoma?

Answer 0

1. epinephrine

2. dipivefrine (prodrug of epi)

Question 1

used to dx myasthenia gravis by destroying AchE. what class?

Answer 1

edrophonium, Nm agonist.

Question 2

ADRs: extrasystoles, palpitations, HTN, MI, trembling, paleness, sweating? (2)

Answer 2

epinephrine and phenylephrine

Question 3

used to determine if its the 3rd order neurons causing Horner’s sd (and what is horner’s sd?)

Answer 3

hydroxyamphetamine,

Horners: ptosis, miosis, anhydrosis

Question 4

prevents NE reuptake

Answer 4

cocaine

Question 5

releases NE

Answer 5

hydroxyamphetamine

Question 6

class for hydroxyamphetamine and cocaine?

Answer 6

indirect adrenergic agonist

Question 7

amino derivative of clonidine; does not cross BBB therefore min. effects on BP; how does it work?

Answer 7

apraclonidine, direct a-agonist

Question 8

phenylephrine: class, tx effect, ADR

Answer 8

a1-agonist; pupil dilation; extrasystoles, palpitation, HTN, MI, trembling, paleness, sweating

Question 9

direct a-2 agonists and their MOA (2)

Answer 9

clonidine: lowers IOP via CNS effects (prevents CNS outflow)

brimondine tartrate: suppresses aqu humor production via cAMP effects in non-pigmented ciliary epithelium

Question 10

this drug is CI in follicular conjunctivitis, and if use it with MAOi can cause fatigue and drowsiness

Answer 10

brimondine tartrate

Question 11

reverses tropicamide and phenylephrine (what are tropicamide and phenylephrine)?

Answer 11

DAPIprazole. (not available)

tropicamide: antimuscarinic (pupillary dilation, cycloplegia)
phenylephrine: a-agonist (pupillary dilation)

Question 12

blocks a-adrenergic receptors in smooth iris dilator mm; a-antagonist

Answer 12

dapiprazole

Question 13

drug that is used for prostate hypertrophy while also blocks iris dilator mm (thus, keeps it as a constricted state) –> makes cataract surgery difficult and complicated

Answer 13

tamsulosin

Question 14

tamsulosin

Answer 14

a-antagonist

Question 15

5 beta-blockers (tim leaves metti car tax)

Answer 15

1. timolol
2. levobunolol
3. metipranolol
4. carteolol
5. betaxolol

Question 16

reduces IOP by reducing aque production at ciliary process; tx glaucoma

Answer 16

timolol, levobunolol, (carteolol?), betaxolol

Question 17

non-selective beta (1+2) blocker w/o significant intrinsic sympathomimetic activity (weak membrane stabilization, weak myocardial depressant)

Answer 17

metipranolol

Question 18

ADRs of the b-blockers? and which one of the b-blockers is CI in CHF, asthma, and bradycardia, over time may produce tachyphylaxis?

Answer 18

brady, hypoTN, syncope, palpitation, CHF, bronchospasm, mental confusion, depression, fatigue, lightheadedness, hallucinations, memory impairment, sexual dysfnc, hyperkalemia

timolol is CI in CHF, etc.