Occupational Lung Disease Lecture Powerpoint

Question 1

Occupational lung disease definition

Answer 1

Occur from harmful particles, mists, vapors or gases that are inhaled (toxicity of substance and duration of exposure) usually while a person works that overwhelms the body’s natural defenses, with type of disease depending on size and kind of particle inhaled

Question 2

Large particles when inhaled deposit primarilly in the ____, while smaller in the ___

Answer 2

upper airways (nose, pharynx, larynx), lower airway (alveoli)

Question 3

Soluble gases are absorbed in what part of the respiratory tract? What about insoluble?

Answer 3

Upper mucus membranes causing inflammation and tearing up (chlorine, ammonia), lower airways (nitrous dioxide, ozone)

Question 4

Parenchymal lung disease from inhalation is caused by what size particle?

Answer 4

Small (has to be small to get down into the lower airways)

Question 5

Signs and symptoms of occupational lung disease (5)

Answer 5

• cough
• dyspnea
• chest pain
• chest tightness
• temporal relationship to work

Question 6

Diagnostic studies for occupational lung disease (4)

Answer 6

• CT of chest (best)
• CXR
• PFTs
• diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide

Question 7

Most common form of occupational lung disease

Answer 7

Occupational asthma

Question 8

Irritant asthma vs hypersensitivity asthma

Answer 8

Irritant asthma comes on almost immediately after exposure to the substance while hypersensitivity comes on within an hour or more

Question 9

Occupational asthma diagnosis (3)

Answer 9

• clinical diagnosis
• pulmonary function tests
• allergy testing

Question 10

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis definition

Answer 10

ORGANIC dust disease autoimmune reaction from inhalation of antigens

Question 11

2 most common types of hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Answer 11

• farmers lung

- pigeon breeders disease

Question 12

3 main types of pneumoconiosis

Answer 12

• asbestosis
• silicosis
• coal worker pneumoconiosis

Question 13

X ray findings of severe pneumoconiosis

Answer 13

• ground glass infiltrates

- honeycombing (worsened fibrosis)

Question 14

Coal workers pneumoconiosis

Answer 14

Commonly called black lung, disease characteristic of older workers of coal industry, characterized by deposition of black pigment in lung, typically presents with chronic cough and phlegm production, and in severe cases progressive emphysema

Question 15

Most common earliest symptom of asbestosis

Answer 15

-insidious onset of breathlessness with exertion

Question 16

Silicosis patients have higher incidence of developing what?

Answer 16

Active TB and other mycobacterial disease

Question 17

Characteristic x ray finding in silicosis patients

Answer 17

egg shell calcifications

Question 18

Byssinosis definition

Answer 18

Also known as brown lung disease (lungs dont actually turn brown) seen in people who work with cotton, flax, hemp, etc, usually experience symptoms immediately on the first day of work and chronic exposure results in fibrosis even if they feel like they are getting better

Question 19

Silo fillers disease occurs from inhaling what fumes?

Answer 19

Nitrogen dioxide

Question 20

Beryllium disease definition

Answer 20

Found often in x ray tubes, computers, dental alloys, seen only in those with sensitivity at low levels of exposure as acts as an immune mediated systemic disorder

Question 21

Berylium lymphocyte proliferation test

Answer 21

Checks for Berylium sensitivity causing and differentiating berylium disease from other occupational lung diseases