Occupational Ergonomics and Biomechanics (chapt. 12)

Question 1

Trunk columm

Answer 1

Cervical, Dorsal, and Lumbar

Question 2

Shoulder complex

Answer 2

shoulder is a complex system of bones, muscles, tendons, and ligaments includes Glenohumeral Joint and Acromioclavicular Joint particularity wide range of motion in all sagittal,transversal and horizontal.

Question 3

Tendons

Answer 3

connective tissue resembling a tough cord or bans and always

Question 4

Rotator cuff

Answer 4

shoulder-rotator cuff problems pain on the shoulders like frozen shoulder

Question 5

static force

Answer 5

static loading of shoulder and arm muscles causes by carrying parts.

Question 6

Carpal tunnel

Answer 6

The carpal tunnel is a narrow passageway on the palm side of your wrist made up of bones and ligaments. The median nerve, which controls sensation and movement in the thumb and first three fingers, runs through this passageway along with tendons to the fingers and thumb. When it’s pinched or compressed, the result is numbness, tingling, weakness, or pain in the hand, called carpal tunnel

Question 7

Syndrome

Answer 7

A syndrome is set of symptoms and physical findings that point to a certain diagnosis. All symptoms and

Question 8

Designing for hand strength

Answer 8

Digit touch, pain touch, finger palmar grip,thumb fingerprint grip tip punch, thumb-fingerprints enclosure disk grip, finger-palm enclosure

Question 9

Designing for body strength

Answer 9

Lower Extremity (hip, knee, foot)
-Hand strength, use of tables of exerted torques and forces, foot strength

Question 10

Conditioning affecting force

Answer 10

body angles, work space dimensions, conditions affecting the force that can be exerted on

Question 11

Basics Metabolism

Answer 11

Carbohydrates the main nutrient that fuels exercise of a moderate to high intensity. Fat can fuel low intensity exercise for long periods of time.Proteins are generally used to maintain and repair body tissues, and are not normally used to power muscle activity.

Question 12

Physical demands of work

Answer 12

light under 2.5 kcal/min
moderte 2.5-5 kcal/min
heavy 5-7.5 kcal/min
very heavy 7.5-10 kcal/min
extremely heavy create than 10kcal/min

Question 13

Workload measurement

Answer 13

oxygen consumption,heart rate, blood pressure ad minute ventilation, subjective measurement of physical

Question 14

Oxygen consumption

Answer 14

the greater amount

Question 15

heart rate

Answer 15

number of heart beats per minutes maximum heart rate= 206-(0.62 x age) or maximum heart rate=220-age

Question 16

Borg RPE scale

Answer 16

Developed by borg to describe a person’s perception of exertion

Question 17

Work capacity

Answer 17

short-term maximum physical work capacity (MPWC) or aerobic capacity

Question 18

Maximum holding time-rohnert law

Answer 18

Perceived discomfort, maximum holding time of contractions decreases exponentially as the muscle effort increases. This relationship between muscle effort and MHT can be used to predict the MH T from the muscle effort to a certain posture.

Question 19

Upper extremity

Answer 19

shoulder complex,elbow,wrist and hands

Question 20

Ergonomics analysis

Answer 20

Occupational Injuries, Product design,physical protection

Question 21

Syndrome

Answer 21

A syndrome is a set of symptoms and physical findings that point to a certain diagnosis. All the symptoms and physical findings are always present. Findings maybe present in different grades of severity.

Question 22

Lower extremity

Answer 22

hip,knee,foot