Auditory, Tactile, and Vestibular System (chapt. 5)

Question 1

sound

Answer 1

Any sudden mechanical movements sets up fluctuation in air. the frequency of a sound is the number of fluctuations or vibration per sound, expressed in hertz (HZ) intensity of sound is measured by logarithmic unit called decibel

Question 2

wavelength

Answer 2

the wavelength of sound is the distance between analogous points of two successive waves.

Question 3

frequency

Answer 3

in audio, the number of repeating cycles of change in air pressure or oscillation in voltage, that occur in one unit ofttimes usually a second. Complex sounds are made up of many pure tones of different frequencies

Question 4

Sounds and Noise

Answer 4

using sounds in design alarms, voice activated devices, protection of ears from dangerous sound, noise

Question 5

hertz

Answer 5

the SI unit of frequency in particular the number of times something occurs in one second, abbreviated Hz. Named after Heinrich Rudolph hertz.

Question 6

Decibel

Answer 6

a ratio based measure of the comparative amount of some quality usually sound level power of voltage , relative to some reference amount. Is a logarithmic unit that describes a ratio of two measurements.

Question 7

audio frequency

Answer 7

the range of frequencies which can be experienced by an average human being. The range is defined as 20 HZ to 20 KHZ for convince but in practice, is realistically closer to 20 Hz to 17 Khz. Dolphins are believed to hear up to 70 Khz

high,mid,low

Question 8

frequency

Answer 8

human ear sensitive to sounds in the frequency range of 16 to 20,000 Hertz below 16 Hz infrasonic above 20,000 ultrasonic greatest sensitivity lies in the range of 2000-5000 Hertz

Question 9

Hearing Functions

Answer 9

convey specific information, as basis for communication between individuals. As an alarm system and understanding of speech.

Question 10

Criteria for alarms system

Answer 10

the alarm must be heard, not be above the danger level, not be overlay starling or abrupt, not disrupt perceptual understanding of the other signals, be informative, signaling the nature of emergency

Question 11

Alarms

Answer 11

voice alarms and meaningful sounds false alarms

Question 12

Sound Localization

Answer 12

less suited for spatial location

Question 13

Sound transmission

Answer 13

speech signal,mask effect, speech communication,speech distortions

Question 14

noise

Answer 14

noise is any disturbing sound

physiological stress from noise, raising blood pressure,acceleration of heart rate,contraction of the blood vessels of the skin, increase in metabolism,slowing down of the digestive organs,increase muscular tension

high frequencies (above 2,000 HZ)

Question 15

vestibular senses

Answer 15

awareness of body balance and movement body rotation and of gravitation and movement. Static position our vestibule the vestibule contain two sensory areas the utricle and the saccule.