Observational Methods Final Flashcards

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1
Q

non-experimental design

A

1.case study
2.observation
3.analysis of texts
4.correlations

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2
Q

quantative data

A

-numbers/simple/measure
-simple numeric data
-measurment
-prediction(purpose)
-always hypothasis
-broad,generalizible
-large and represenative of population(samples)

ex:biology,math,econ,psychology

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3
Q

qualitive

A

words/complex/meaning
-complex,rich data
-interpretation
-rarely hypothais
-limited to specific context
-choosen on purpose

ex:philosophy,sociology,languages,history

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4
Q

psychology:qualative vs quantative

A

qualitative:
-case studies
-naturalistic observation
-interviews
-focus groups

vs

quantative:
-experimental design
-correlational
-longitudinal
-quasi-experiments
-systemetic observation

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5
Q
  1. Naturalistic observation
A

researcher immerse self in a natural setting to collect information over time

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6
Q

goal

A

to accuratly record,describe and interpret experiences in a particular setting

-observe people and events
-interview key’‘informations’’
-examine relevant documents

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7
Q

naturalistic observation

A

pros
-generates hipothasis for later controlled studies
-high ecological validity:natural

cons:
-reactivity vs ethical
-overwhelming amount of data
-time consuming
-cant test hypothasis
-cant generalize to other context
-

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8
Q

systemetic observation

A
  1. specify observable categories of behaviour
    2.observe people in a relevant setting
    3.code behaviour into specified categories
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9
Q

location

A

lab or field

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10
Q

situation

A

contrived or natural

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11
Q

coding

A

live or videotaped

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12
Q

benefits

A

generates hypothasis

can test hypothaisi

can habe high ecological validity

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13
Q

cons

A

-inter-rater reliability
-reactivity(they may act differently because they are being observed)
-time consuming
-generalize to other context?

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14
Q

2.case studies

A

intens study of a single person,group,incident,community

can also use with these methods
-naturalistics
-archival
single-case quasi-experiment
-interview

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15
Q

benefits

A

-generate hypothaisis

-can illustratea theory

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16
Q

cons

A

-cannot be used to a support thoey

-misused in the media

17
Q

3.analyzing ‘‘text’’

A

-discourse analysis

-content analysis

18
Q

discourse analysis

A

identifying the meanings/themes within the text

social relation

19
Q

discourse analysis

A

Discourse analysts seek to understand
how our uses of language reflect and
shape our beliefs, experiences,
interactions and identities.

who is in power,reality,social structures

20
Q

benefits

A

clearly describe methods
systemetic coding
systematic selection of text

21
Q

cons

A

take more time
usually a smaller number
quality over quantity

22
Q

cotent analysis

A

counting the frequency of words or symbols
-faster than discorse analysis
-can cover more text
-quantaty over quality

23
Q

texts

A

anything that have text