correlation design

Question 1

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correlation design

Answer 1

a type of non-experiment
draw a sample,then measure 2 or more different variable
-see how well they hang together
-how they are related

Question 2

example facebook

Question 3

positive linear

Answer 3

up

Question 4

negative linear

Answer 4

Down

Question 5

no linear relationship

Question 6

correlation (r)

Answer 6

a statistic that indexes the degree of relationship between two variables

-+/- = direction of relationship (posit or negative)

• Numbers= strenght of the relationship
  (how close is one variable associated with the other one)

Question 7

linear relationship can be summirized by a single number

Answer 7

r = correlations

r can range from -1 to +1

• -1=perfect negative linear relationship
• +1= perfect positive linear relationship
• 0=no relationship

the closer to the number -1 or +1 more correlation it has

Question 8

correlation does not equal causation!!!!

Answer 8

ex

Question 9

third variables vs confound varible

Answer 9

third varible - that causes that correlation to happen

confound variable-the problem is in the defenition of how to mesure the interest

Question 10

when can we say different varible a cause of change virable

Answer 10

in experimental design

Question 11

experimental method

Answer 11

it involves manipulation of one variable,controls of several other variables and then measure the outcome variable (DV)

Question 12

experimental design

Answer 12

A must happen before B
when A is present, B must follow
when A is absent, B should not follow
when Ais the only thing change that might affect B

Question 13

basic experiment design

Answer 13

1.sample(random assigment)
condition 1 (independable variable) condition 2= dependable varibles

Question 14

independent variable

Answer 14

cause

is independent of the participants / is controled by the reserchers

Question 15

dependent variable

Answer 15

effect/responde

is dependent of participants

Question 16

internal validity

Answer 16

the extent to which you can be confident that a cause-and-effect relationship established in a study cannot be explained by other factors.

Question 17

what criteria does a study need to have to have hight internal validity?

Answer 17

1.co-variation between two varibles

2, temporal precedes

3, eliminate plausable alternative explanation

Question 18

1.co-variation

Answer 18

changes in one variable must cause in another (change in IV must cause change in DV)

Question 19

2.temporal precedes:

Answer 19

IV proceds the DV

Question 20

3. eliminate plausable alternative explanation >

Answer 20

can the difference in the DV the attributed only to the manipulated iV
(good design)

Question 21

how do we achive internal validity(well design experiment has hight internal validity)

Answer 21

1.exeprimental control

2.rendom assigment of people to condition

Question 22

1.experimental control

Answer 22

everythings continue the same across condition except the variable that is being manipulated

Question 23

confound 2

Answer 23

a varible that is interwind with iv and may impact the dv
could explain all or part of the result

Question 24

2. random assigment

Answer 24

random assigment is a method of assigning subeject to experimental and control group so that each subject in the experiment has the same chance of being assign to eacgh group

allows the resercher to balance out influenceof all othersvariable except the iv

the bigger the sample the better

Question 25

independent groups(between groups)

Answer 25

random assigment
into 2 different conditions

Question 26

repeted measures design
(within group)

Answer 26

all participants recive both condition of the iv

compare avarage scores on the dv for each condition

Question 27

pros

Answer 27

• needs fewer participants
• less cost
• more power to see the effect of IV on DV if there is one

Question 28

cons

Answer 28

• order effect (fatigue,practice,contast)
• mortality(people may give up by the middle of the experiment)
• dealing with counterbalance order
• lenght of time intervals

Question 29

potential problematic effects

carry-over effects/order effect

Answer 29

whenever a participants responses in a given condition is effected by having previosly participated in other conditions in the experiment

the effects of one condition carry over to others

Question 30

carry-over effect=order effects

types of order effect

Answer 30

1-practice effect
2-fatigue effect
3-contrast effect:

Question 31

contrast effects

Answer 31

Participants interprets one condition of the IV differently because of having previously participated in the other condition of the IV(violence and punishment effect)

Question 32

how to conterbalance measuring order effect?

Answer 32

use two groups with two different orders (random assigment to order)

Question 33

adressing order effects

Answer 33

-random assigment of order(already disscussed)

-filler task
ex: sad video>critique essey> madetition>happy video >critique paper

-passage of time (for fatigue and constrast)
seconds,minuts,hours
sad video >critique>time out>happy video>critique paper

Question 34

cost/complexity

Answer 34

order effects
-fatigue,practice,constrast
dealing with conterbalancing orders
-4 conditions = 24 order
-can use latin square
-mortality(they dont came back)

Question 35

benefits

Answer 35

• more power to see the effect of IV on DV
• it can help us identify the contribution of our IV to explaining variability in the DV
• need fewer participants
• less cost

Question 36

balanced square

Answer 36

1-each tratment must occur once with each participant

2- each treat must occur the same number of times for each time period or trials

3-each treatment must procede and follow every other treatment an equal number of times