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OBGYN > OBN: Parturition > Flashcards

OBN: Parturition Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 phases of parturition?

A
  1. Quiescence
  2. Activation - ripening
  3. Stimulation - manganganak
  4. Involution
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2
Q

[Phase of parturition]

braxton Hicks contractions can be felt in this phase

A

Phase 1 - Quiescence

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3
Q

What proteins are expressed in the phase 2 of parturition that increases uterine irritability and increases responsiveness to uteronins?

A

contraction-associated proteins

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4
Q

What are examples of you uteronins?

A
  1. Oxytocin receptor
  2. Prostaglanding F
  3. Connexin 43
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5
Q

___ sensation that the baby dropped

associated with greater expression of oxytocin receptors in funday myometrial cells

A

Lightening

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6
Q

Lower uterine segment formed during phase 2 is due to ____

A

dilation of the isthmus due to lightening

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7
Q

What are the drugs that promote cervical ripening that is used for labor induction

A
  1. PGE2

2. PGF2 alpha

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8
Q

[Phase 3: Stimulation]

Physiological retraction ring is due to ___

A
  1. Lower segment thinning

2. Concomitant upper segment thickening

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9
Q

[Phase 3: Stimulation]

____ is a pathological retraction ring when thinning of the lower segment is extreme

A

Bandl ring

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10
Q

What is the most important force in fetal expulsion?

A

Maternal intraabdominal pressure

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11
Q

[Phase 3: Stimulation]

What is the first stage of stimulation?

A

cervical effacement

  1. Shortening of cervical canal
  2. Expulsion of the mucus plug
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12
Q

What are the differences between multipara and primigravid in terms of cervical dilation and cervical effacement?

A
  1. In primigravid, dilation is minimal despite complete effacement
  2. In multipara, dilation is complete despite minimal effacement
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13
Q

Phase 3: Labor]

____ refers to the spontaneous release of blood-tinged mucus from the vagina

A

Mucus plus, mucus show, bloody show

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14
Q

Phase 3: Labor]

what are the causes of pain during labor initation?

A
  1. Hypoxia
  2. Compression of the nerve ganglia in the cervix
  3. Cervical stretching
  4. Stretching of the peritoneum
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15
Q

Stripping of fetal membranes lead to increase in what prostaglanding causing more dilatation and cervical stretching?

A

Ferguson reflex

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16
Q

___ refers to the leading portion of fluid and amniotic sac

A

Forebag

17
Q

Cervical dilation is due to the ____ exerted on the cervix that creates cervical dilatation

A

Centrifugal pull

Amniotic sac also has hydrostatic action

18
Q

____ is the pattern of cervical dilatation during preparatory and dilatational divisions of labor

A

sigmoid curve

19
Q

[Sigmoid curve in cervical dilatation]

___ variable, sensitive to changes by extraneous factors

A

Latent phase

20
Q

[Sigmoid curve in cervical dilatation]

What are the different phases in the active phase?

A
  1. Acceleration phase
  2. phase of maximum slope
  3. Deceleration phase
21
Q

____ is the curve of fetal descent. formed when the station of the fetal head is plotted as a function of labor induction

A

hyperbolic

22
Q

___ refers to the descent of the fetal BPD in relation to a line drawn between maternal and ischial spines

A

Station

23
Q

What is the most important pelvic floor structure in parturition?

A

levator ani muscle

Contraction draws the vagina forward, upward in the direction of the symphysis pubis and therby acts to close the vagina

24
Q

What are the components of the levator ani muscle?

A
  1. Pubococcygeus
  2. Puborectalis
  3. Ileococcygeus
25
Q

What is the third stage of labor?

A

placental separation and expulsion

26
Q

what are the causes of placental separation?

A
  1. Uterine contraction

2. Hematoma formation

27
Q

What is the weakest layer in that facilitates separation of placenta from the implantation site?

A

Decidua spongiosa

28
Q

[Placental Expulsion]

__ blood from the placental site pours into the membrane sac and does not excape externally until after extrusion of the placenta

A

Schultze mechanism

Shiny Schultze

29
Q

[Placental Expulsion]

__ placenta separates first at the periphery and blood collects between the membranes and uterine wall

A

Duncan mechanism

Dirty Duncan

30
Q

What is the MOA of terbutaline?

A

Binds to beta adrenergic receptors, increase cAMP then causes uterine relaxation

OBGYN (33 decks)

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