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OBGYN > Developmental Biology of Sex > Flashcards

Developmental Biology of Sex Flashcards

1
Q

Female sex is determined by the absence of ___ gene

A

SRY gene

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2
Q

What is the single most consistent determinant of maleness?

A

presence of Y chromosome

Which contains the SRY chromosome

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3
Q

What is the gold standard in determining chromosomal sex

A

karyotyping

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4
Q

What are the indications of karyotyping

A
  1. Patients who undergo gender reassignment surgery

2. Patients with ambiguous genitalia

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5
Q

SRY gene condes for _____

A

Testis determining factor (TDF)

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6
Q

What directs the differentiation of gonads into testes?

A

TDF

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7
Q

____ weeks AOG where and embryo has a bipotential gonad

A

4th to 6th week

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8
Q

The development of the ovary occurs at the ___ weeks AOG

A

11th or 12th week AOG

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9
Q

At 4 weeks AOG, the adrenal gland develops from the ____

A

pronephros and pronephric duct

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10
Q

At 4 weeks AOG, what functions as the fetal kidney?

A

mesonephros

Producing urine for a bout 2-3 weeks

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11
Q

Which part of the mesonephros does the gonads arise?

A

central

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12
Q

At 5-8 weeks AOGm this refers to the permanent kidney

A

metanephros

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13
Q

At what AOG does the metanephros function?

A

late in the 7th or early 8th AOG

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14
Q

The metanephric duct give rise to these adult organs

A
  1. Ureter
  2. Renal pelvis
  3. Calyces
  4. Collecting tubule of the adult kidney
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15
Q

At what AOG does a fetus produce urine?

A

8 weeks AOG

starting in the 2nd trimester, fetal urine is the major contributor to AFV

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16
Q

The ureters are derived from the ___ duct

A

metanephric duct

17
Q

___ duct has the potential to differentiate into male genitalia

A

wollfian ducts

18
Q

What are the derivatives of the wollfian duct?

A
  1. Epididymis
  2. Vas deferens
  3. Seminal vesicle
19
Q

___ duct has the potential to develop into female internal genitalia

A

Mullerian duct

20
Q

What are the derivatives of the mullerian ducts

A
  1. Uterus
  2. Fallopian tube
  3. Cervix
    4/ Upper vagina
21
Q

Gonadal cell that secrete testosterone

A

Leydig cells

22
Q

Gonadal cell that secrete AMH, MIS

A

Sertoli cells

23
Q

What hormone is responsible for differentiation of wolffian ducts?

A

Testosterone

at 9-10 weeks

24
Q

What hormone controls the prostate development?

A

prostate

25
Q

presence of this hormone leads to failure of the fallopian tube, uterus, upper part of the vagina to develop

A

Anti mullerian hormone

26
Q

Development of phenotypic sex requires?

A
  1. Differentiation of genital ducts
  2. Differentiation of external genitalia
  3. Hypothalamic differentiation
27
Q

[Homologues]

Scrotum

A

Labia majora

28
Q

[Homologues]

ventral portion of the pedis

A

Labia minora

29
Q

[Homologues]

penis

A

clitoris

30
Q

[Homologues]

Prostate gland

A

urethral and paraurethral glands

31
Q

[Homologues]

prostatic utricle

A

Vagina

32
Q

[Homologues]

bulbourethral glands

A

Greater vestibular glands

33
Q

[Homologues]

seminal colliculus

A

hymen

34
Q

[Homologues]

Gartner’s duct in females

A
  1. Ductus deferens
  2. Ejaculatory duct
  3. seminal vesicles
35
Q

[Homologues]

seminiferous tubules

A

ovarian follicles

36
Q

[Homologues]

gubernaculum testtis

A

round ligament of uterus

37
Q

Early (before differentiation) excess exposure of normal female to testosterone can lead to?

A

Male pattern

38
Q

After differentiation, exposure to excess exposure of normal female to testosterone can lead to?

A

enlargement of clitoris

OBGYN (33 decks)

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