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OBGYN > GYN: Menstrual Cycle > Flashcards

GYN: Menstrual Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

Hormone that recruits primordial follicle

A

Gonadotropin

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2
Q

The theca lutein cell has ___ receptor and produces ____ hormoine

A

Theca lutein(izing) has LH receptor, produces androstenedione

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3
Q

The granulosa cells has ____ receptor and produces ___ hormone

A

Granulosa cell has FSH receptor, produces estorgen

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4
Q

___ follicle secretes 95% of the estrogen

A

Graafian follicle

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5
Q

Ovulation is caused by the surge of two gonadotropin hormines

A

LH and FSH

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6
Q

LH secretion peaks ___ hours before ovulation

A

10-12 hours

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7
Q

____ is the primary leutropic factor maintaining the corpus luteum

A

LH

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8
Q

What are the three phases of the menstrual cycle?

A
  1. Preovulatory phase / Follicular phase
  2. Ovulation phase
  3. Luteal phase postovulatory phase
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9
Q

An average menstrual cycle usually lasts for?

A

28days

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10
Q

FSH stimulates this cell in the pituitary gland

A

Granulosa cell

FGE

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11
Q

LH stimulates this cell in the pituitary gland

A

Theca Cell

LTT

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12
Q

What are the hormones secreted by the theca cells?

A
  1. Testosterone

2. Androstenedione

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13
Q

What hormones are secreted by your granulosa cell?

A
  1. Estrogen
  2. Activin
  3. Inhibin
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14
Q

Inhibin has a positive feed back to what cell?

A

Theca cell

Increasing production of testosterone and androstenedione

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15
Q

Inhibin has a negative feedback to what hormone?

A

FSH

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16
Q

What hormone has a negative feedback to FSH?

A
  1. Estrogen

2. Inhibin

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17
Q

This hormone has a negative feedback to your theca cells

A

Activin

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18
Q

The normal, spontaneous, cyclical ovulation occurs at ___ day intervals

A

25 to 35 days

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19
Q

In the menstrual cycle, which days is the narrow window of endometrial receptivity to blastocyst implantation?

A

Days 20-24`

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20
Q

What hormone regulates the secretion of FSH and LH?

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

Released from neurons within the anterior hypothalamis (arcuate nucleus of the basal hypothalamus)

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21
Q

[Pharma]

What is the classic response of GnRH agonist after its initiated?

A
  1. Flare response followed by hypogonadal effect

- relin

22
Q

[Pharma]

GnRH antagonist is a competitive, reversible GnRH receptor antagonist which blocks the release of what hormones?

A
  1. LH
  2. FSH

-relix

23
Q

____ hormone acts on the granulosa cell of the ovarian follicle to stimulate follicular growth

A

FSH

24
Q

___ hormone acts on the theca cells to stimulate ovarian steroid hormone

A

LH

25
Q

What are the principal sex steroids of the overy?

A
  1. Estradiol
  2. Progesterone
  3. Androstenedione
26
Q

What hormone regulates the secretion of estrogen?

A

FSH

27
Q

What are the actions of Estrogen

A
  1. Development of secondary sex characteristics

2. Thickens endometrium during the proliferative phase

28
Q

What regulates the release of progesterone?

A

LH

29
Q

What are the actions of progesterone?

A
  1. Maintains endometrium during secretory phase

2. Prepares EM for implantation

30
Q

Estrogen hormone in menopausal women?

A

Estrone - E1

31
Q

Estrogen hormone during the reproductive age

A

Estradiol - E2

32
Q

Estrogen hormone during pregnancy?

A

Estriol - E3

33
Q

Primary oocyte are formed by what fetal month?

A

5th fetal month

34
Q

The primary oocytes are arrested in what mitotic phase?

A

Prophase

35
Q

The first meiotic division of the primary oocyte is completed at ___

A

Onset of puberty

36
Q

When does secondary oocyte formed?

A

After completion of Meiosis I

the first polar body is released during ovulation

37
Q

The secondary oocyte is arrested in what meiotic phase?

A

Metaphase II

38
Q

Second meiotic division is completed only when?

A

During fertilization

39
Q

What is the correct sequence of follicular development?

A
  1. Recruitment of primordial follicle
  2. Cohort will grow dominant GC
  3. Selection of dominant follicle
  4. Dominant follicle increase GC
40
Q

What are the sequence of follicular development?

A
  1. Appearance of LH receptors
  2. Granulosa cells - secrete small amount of progesteron, inhibit B inhibit FSH
  3. Drop in FSH, follicles wont develop
  4. LH stimulates theca cells to produce androstenedione
41
Q

The rise of estrogen is parallel to the growth of ___

A

dominant follicle

42
Q

Preovulatory follicles increase estrogen secretion _____ before release of ovum with LH surge

A

34 to 36 hours

43
Q

LH peaks how many hours before ovulation?

A

10 to 12 hours

44
Q

___ cells produce more progesterone and prostaglandin

A

Cumulus cell

45
Q

The ability of the granulosa-lutein cells to produce progesterone is due to ____

A

increased access to steroidogenic precursors

46
Q

In the midluteal phase, there is a secondary rise of estrogen which peaks at _____

A

0.25mg/day of 17B-estradiol

47
Q

Ovarian progesterone during the midluteal phase peaks at ______ mg/day

A

25 to 50mg/day

48
Q

[Secretory/proliferative]

straight to slightly coiled tubular glands; lined by pseudostratified columnar epithelium

A

Proliferative Phase

49
Q

What is the first indication of progesterone effects?

A

Subnuclear vacuolization

50
Q

[Secretory/proliferative]

well developed subnuclear vacuoles in all endometrial gland
no mitoses in the glands, rising levels of progesterone

A

secretory

51
Q

What is the primary cause of endometrial ischemia and tissue degeneration?

A

stasis

activation of MMP1 and MMP3 leads to intense vasoconstriction and EM cytokine changes

OBGYN (33 decks)

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