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OB/GYN II > OB Ch. 59 Test > Flashcards

OB Ch. 59 Test Flashcards

1
Q

Eye disorder in which optic axes can’t be directed to the same object

A

strabismus

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2
Q

Hereditary disease caused by failure to oxidize amino acid due to defective enzyme– untreated causes mental retardation

A

phenylketonuria

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3
Q

Congenital anomaly characterized by peaked head and webbed fingers and toes

A

acrocephalopolysyndactyly

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4
Q

Hypertrophied tongue

A

macroglossia

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5
Q

Group of disorders characterized by omphalocele, macroglossia and visceromegaly

A

beckwith-weidmann syndrome

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6
Q

Teratoma located in the oropharynx

A

epignathus

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7
Q

Underdevelopment of the eyes, fingers, and mouth

A

oculodentodigital dysplasia

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8
Q

premature closure of the cranial sutures

A

craniosynostoses

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9
Q

Underdevelopment of the jaw and cheek bone and abnormal ears

A

treacher collins syndrome

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10
Q

Protusion of the brain from cranial cavity

A

cephalocele

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11
Q

Underdevelopment of the jaw that causes the ears to be located close together toward the front of the neck

A

otacephaly

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12
Q

Head smaller than the body

A

microcephaly

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13
Q

Small eyes

A

micophthalmia

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14
Q

Micrognathia and abnormal smallness of the tongue usually with a cleft palate

A

pierre robin syndrome

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15
Q

Eyes too close together

A

hypotelorism

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16
Q

Detection of subtle facial malformations depends on what

A

sonographer skills and knowledge, fetal position, amount of fluid by face, maternal obesity

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17
Q

The _____ is developed by the 4th week and resembles gills

A

branchial apparatus

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18
Q

Many fetuses with a facial defect also have

A

chromosomal abnormalities

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19
Q

Extensive facial screening by sonography can be inhibited by

A

bone shadowing, poor fetal positioning, oligohydramnios, maternal obesity

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20
Q

Features of the fetal face can be identified by the end of the _____ trimester

A

1st

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21
Q

The ______ view is best to image cleft lip and palate

A

modified coronal

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22
Q

The _____ of the eye is seen as a small echogenic circle within the orbit

A

lens

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23
Q

Orbital abnormalities are best seen in the _____ view

A

transverse, coronal

24
Q

The forehead, chin, nasal bridge, and upper lip are best imaged in the _____ vie

A

profile

25
Q

List 4 questions the sonographer should ask herself/himself about the fetal face

A
  1. are the orbits normally spaced 2. is the upper lip intact 3. is the tongue normal size 4. is the chin abnormally small or have masses
26
Q

_____ is associated with cloverleaf skull malformation

A

skeletal dysplasia

27
Q

_____ is a median-cleft face syndrome with midline defects involving the eyes, nose, and forehead

A

frontonasal dysplasia

28
Q

When looking at the nose and lips, the sonographer should look for

A

nostril symmetry, nasal septum integrity, continuity of upper lip

29
Q

Protrusion of the fetal tongue may suggest

A

micrognathia, macroglossia

30
Q

_____ has aided in early detection of ocular anomalies and other intracranial abnormalities

A

transvaginal sonography

31
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: holoprosencephaly

A

hypo

32
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: phenytoin syndrome

A

hyper

33
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: frontal cephalocele

A

hyper

34
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: microcephaly

A

both

35
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: cyclopia

A

hypo

36
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: cebocephaly

A

hypo

37
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: apert syndrome

A

hyper

38
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: craniosynostosis

A

both

39
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: acrocephalopolysyndactaly

A

hyper

40
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: ethmocephaly

A

hypo

41
Q

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: phenylketonuria

A

hypo

42
Q

The _____ view is important is assessing the presence/absence of the nose, lips and chin

A

profile

43
Q

Evaluation of the nasal triad should include

A

nostril symmetry, nasal septum integrity, continuity of the upper lip, both nostrils

44
Q

_____ is the most common congenital anomaly of the face

A

cleft lip/palate

45
Q

_____ occurs because of failure of fusion of the primary and secondary palate

A

cleft lip

46
Q

____ occurs because of failure of the lateral palantine processes to fuse in midline

A

cleft palate

47
Q

A facial cleft may involve only the lip, or may extend to include alveolus, hard palate and/or soft palate

A

true

48
Q

Isolated posterior cleft palate is not considered a separate entity from cleft lip and hard palate

A

false

49
Q

An _____ indicates bilateral cleft palate even when only unilateral is visualized sonographically

A

echogenic mass near the nose

50
Q

Why is polyhydramnios associated with craniofacial abnormalities

A

baby has difficulty swallowing

51
Q

Fetal goiter suggests that the mother has

A

hypothyroidism

52
Q

Cystic hygroma is associated with

A

turners syndrome

53
Q

Fetuses with cystic hygroma often die of

A

heart failure

54
Q

A thin echogenic line appearing to extend from the fetal occiput to the fetal back in the late 1st trimester could be

A

cystic hygroma, amnion that has not fused to chorion

55
Q

Fetal goiter may cause

A

esophageal obstruction

56
Q

List six things the sonographer should report about a fetal neck mass

A

position and size, nuchal ligament, amniotic fluid, hydrops, hyperextension of the neck, vascularity

57
Q

The bridge of the nose originates from the _____ prominence

A

frontal

OB/GYN II (13 decks)

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