OB Ch. 59 Test

Question 1

Eye disorder in which optic axes can’t be directed to the same object

Answer 1

strabismus

Question 2

Hereditary disease caused by failure to oxidize amino acid due to defective enzyme– untreated causes mental retardation

Answer 2

phenylketonuria

Question 3

Congenital anomaly characterized by peaked head and webbed fingers and toes

Answer 3

acrocephalopolysyndactyly

Question 4

Hypertrophied tongue

Answer 4

macroglossia

Question 5

Group of disorders characterized by omphalocele, macroglossia and visceromegaly

Answer 5

beckwith-weidmann syndrome

Question 6

Teratoma located in the oropharynx

Answer 6

epignathus

Question 7

Underdevelopment of the eyes, fingers, and mouth

Answer 7

oculodentodigital dysplasia

Question 8

premature closure of the cranial sutures

Answer 8

craniosynostoses

Question 9

Underdevelopment of the jaw and cheek bone and abnormal ears

Answer 9

treacher collins syndrome

Question 10

Protusion of the brain from cranial cavity

Answer 10

cephalocele

Question 11

Underdevelopment of the jaw that causes the ears to be located close together toward the front of the neck

Answer 11

otacephaly

Question 12

Head smaller than the body

Answer 12

microcephaly

Question 13

Small eyes

Answer 13

micophthalmia

Question 14

Micrognathia and abnormal smallness of the tongue usually with a cleft palate

Answer 14

pierre robin syndrome

Question 15

Eyes too close together

Answer 15

hypotelorism

Question 16

Detection of subtle facial malformations depends on what

Answer 16

sonographer skills and knowledge, fetal position, amount of fluid by face, maternal obesity

Question 17

The _____ is developed by the 4th week and resembles gills

Answer 17

branchial apparatus

Question 18

Many fetuses with a facial defect also have

Answer 18

chromosomal abnormalities

Question 19

Extensive facial screening by sonography can be inhibited by

Answer 19

bone shadowing, poor fetal positioning, oligohydramnios, maternal obesity

Question 20

Features of the fetal face can be identified by the end of the _____ trimester

Answer 20

1st

Question 21

The ______ view is best to image cleft lip and palate

Answer 21

modified coronal

Question 22

The _____ of the eye is seen as a small echogenic circle within the orbit

Answer 22

lens

Question 23

Orbital abnormalities are best seen in the _____ view

Answer 23

transverse, coronal

Question 24

The forehead, chin, nasal bridge, and upper lip are best imaged in the _____ vie

Answer 24

profile

Question 25

List 4 questions the sonographer should ask herself/himself about the fetal face

Answer 25

1. are the orbits normally spaced 2. is the upper lip intact 3. is the tongue normal size 4. is the chin abnormally small or have masses

Question 26

_____ is associated with cloverleaf skull malformation

Answer 26

skeletal dysplasia

Question 27

_____ is a median-cleft face syndrome with midline defects involving the eyes, nose, and forehead

Answer 27

frontonasal dysplasia

Question 28

When looking at the nose and lips, the sonographer should look for

Answer 28

nostril symmetry, nasal septum integrity, continuity of upper lip

Question 29

Protrusion of the fetal tongue may suggest

Answer 29

micrognathia, macroglossia

Question 30

_____ has aided in early detection of ocular anomalies and other intracranial abnormalities

Answer 30

transvaginal sonography

Question 31

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: holoprosencephaly

Answer 31

hypo

Question 32

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: phenytoin syndrome

Answer 32

hyper

Question 33

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: frontal cephalocele

Answer 33

hyper

Question 34

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: microcephaly

Answer 34

both

Question 35

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: cyclopia

Answer 35

hypo

Question 36

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: cebocephaly

Answer 36

hypo

Question 37

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: apert syndrome

Answer 37

hyper

Question 38

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: craniosynostosis

Answer 38

both

Question 39

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: acrocephalopolysyndactaly

Answer 39

hyper

Question 40

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: ethmocephaly

Answer 40

hypo

Question 41

Label the following condition as associated with hypotelorism, hypertelorism or both: phenylketonuria

Answer 41

hypo

Question 42

The _____ view is important is assessing the presence/absence of the nose, lips and chin

Answer 42

profile

Question 43

Evaluation of the nasal triad should include

Answer 43

nostril symmetry, nasal septum integrity, continuity of the upper lip, both nostrils

Question 44

_____ is the most common congenital anomaly of the face

Answer 44

cleft lip/palate

Question 45

_____ occurs because of failure of fusion of the primary and secondary palate

Answer 45

cleft lip

Question 46

____ occurs because of failure of the lateral palantine processes to fuse in midline

Answer 46

cleft palate

Question 47

A facial cleft may involve only the lip, or may extend to include alveolus, hard palate and/or soft palate

Answer 47

true

Question 48

Isolated posterior cleft palate is not considered a separate entity from cleft lip and hard palate

Answer 48

false

Question 49

An _____ indicates bilateral cleft palate even when only unilateral is visualized sonographically

Answer 49

echogenic mass near the nose

Question 50

Why is polyhydramnios associated with craniofacial abnormalities

Answer 50

baby has difficulty swallowing

Question 51

Fetal goiter suggests that the mother has

Answer 51

hypothyroidism

Question 52

Cystic hygroma is associated with

Answer 52

turners syndrome

Question 53

Fetuses with cystic hygroma often die of

Answer 53

heart failure

Question 54

A thin echogenic line appearing to extend from the fetal occiput to the fetal back in the late 1st trimester could be

Answer 54

cystic hygroma, amnion that has not fused to chorion

Question 55

Fetal goiter may cause

Answer 55

esophageal obstruction

Question 56

List six things the sonographer should report about a fetal neck mass

Answer 56

position and size, nuchal ligament, amniotic fluid, hydrops, hyperextension of the neck, vascularity

Question 57

The bridge of the nose originates from the _____ prominence

Answer 57

frontal