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Revision from notes > O&G revision lecture > Flashcards

O&G revision lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What does FSH do in the follicular phase?

A

Stimulates development of the follicles and granulosa cells to produce oestrogen

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2
Q

What does oestrogen do to the follicles?

A

Inhibits FSH production

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3
Q

When does the LH surge occur?

A

Occurs 36 hours before ovulation

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4
Q

What does the corpus luteum produce and what does this do?

A

The corpus luteum produces progesterone which is needed for the uterus lining

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5
Q

What causes growth of the endometrial glands and stroma?

A

Oestrogen

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6
Q

Which antibodies would you see in anti-phospholipid syndrome?

A

Anticardiolipin, lupus anticoagulant

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7
Q

Definition of spontaneous miscarriage

A

Expulsion of products of conception before 24 weeks of gestation

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8
Q

Causes of polyhydramnios

A

Duodenal atresia

Anencphaly

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9
Q

If the ovum is fertilised, what will is produce to maintain the corpus luteum?

A

If the ovum is fertilised, the implanted embryo will produce HCG, which maintains the corpus luteum

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10
Q

Medications, which can cause renal hypoplasia

A

Diuretic

ACEi

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11
Q

Characteristic triad of pre-eclampsia?

A

Hypertension, oedema and proteinuria (>0.3g/L)

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12
Q

If someone has pre-eclampsia and epigastric/RUQ pain what should you consider?

A

HELP

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13
Q

This medication is an alpha and beta-blocker

A

Labetalol

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14
Q

Nifedipine mechanism of action

A

CCB

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15
Q

Hydralazine mechanism of action

A

Vasodilator

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16
Q

Methyldopa mechanism of action

A

Centrally acting alpha agonist

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17
Q

Treatment of eclampsia?

A

IV labetalol and IV hydralazine

18
Q

How does magnesium sulphate work?

A

Works by decreasing Ca2+ uptake by smooth muscle

19
Q

Medication you can give to reverse effects of magnesium sulphate?

A

Calcium gluconate

20
Q

When would you want to provide active management for the 3rd stage of labour, and how would you do it?

A

Prolonged if lasts >30 minutes
Consider prophylactic oxytocin or ergometrine, cord clamping, controlled cord traction, empty bladder, oxytocin into cord

21
Q

EDFIERE

A 
Engages
Descent
Flexion
Internal rotation
Extension
Resuscitation
Expulsion
22
Q

Bishops score <6

A

Labour unlikely to start spontaneously

23
Q

Bishops score >8

A

Vaginal delivery likely

24
Q

What does a foley catheter do?

A

Manually dilates the cervix

25
Q

What is an amniotomy and why is it good?

A

This is artificial rupture of membranes - stimulates prostaglandin synthesis

26
Q

Medications you can give for stimulating labour?

A

Oxytocin/syntocinon/ergometrine

27
Q

Risks of giving oxytocin/syntocinon/ergometrine?

A

Risk of hyperstimulation (this can increase risk of foetal distress/uterine rupture) and vasopressin-like effect causing anti-diuresis

28
Q

What is atosiban?

A

Oxytocin receptor antagonist

29
Q

What is indomethacin?

A

Prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor

30
Q

Name three drugs that can be used to inhibit labour?

A

Atosiban, terbuatline, indomethacin

31
Q

You can sometimes used bethamethasone in tocolysis, but when is it contraindicated?

A

Contraindicated in maternal or foetal bleeding or distress

32
Q

What pH would you like the fetal scalp to be?

A

Ideally >7.25

33
Q

How do you diagnose syphilis?

A

Serology

34
Q

What does IgM ELISA mean?

A

Recent untreated infection (i.e. active disease)

35
Q

What does TPPA mean?

A

Indicates ever infection

36
Q

What does VDRL mean?

A

Active infection

37
Q

This procedure carries a risk of placental mosaicism

A

Chorionic villus sampling

38
Q

Can be used to detect cytogenic abnormalities and measure amniotic AFP

A

Amniocentesis

39
Q

When do you need to offer emergency contraception for in cases with the combined contraceptive patch?

A

Need to offer emergency contraception if patch has been off for more than 48 hours and there has been unprotected sexual intercourse within the last 5 days

40
Q

When do you need to offer emergency contraception in people using the contraceptive vaginal ring?

A

Need to offer EC if ring has been left out of vagina for more than 3 hours in weeks 1 or 2 and there has been UPSI in the 7 days before this

Revision from notes (16 decks)

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