Nutritional Assessment

Question 1

What things would you do during clinical care?

Answer 1

past medical history
family history
meds, OTC/supplements/herbs
diet
physical examination
lab evaluation

Question 2

What does A B C D E of nutrition assessment stand for?

Answer 2

Anthropometric (physical exam)
Biochemical (blood tests)
Clinical
Dietary
Economic/social

Question 3

What is Anthropometry

Answer 3

changes in physical weight and body composition, this includes rate of change.

• weight
• height/stature/knee height/total arm length/ arm span

Question 4

Long term weight change means?

Answer 4

a chronic condition such as ‘bowel cancer’

Question 5

Short term weight change means?

Answer 5

acute condition like ‘diarrhoea’

Question 6

What are some more invasive techniques rarely used. Why not used?

Answer 6

Skinfolds
bioelectrial impedance
DEXA
body density

Invasive, not enough time, not always accurate

Question 7

Since there is not usually enough time to do many techniques, what is often used instead?

Answer 7

BMI (weight for height in a suggested range)

Question 8

calculation of BMI

Answer 8

BMI= weight/height

Question 9

Why should BMI ever not be used?

Answer 9

For sportspeople with a large muscle mass.

Question 10

Do all ethnicities have the same BMI scale?

Answer 10

No.
Pacific island/maori: slightly higher
Asian/indian: slightly lower

Question 11

Calculation to find % weight loss?

Answer 11

% weight loss= (usual weight-current weight x 100) / usual weight

Question 12

Significant weight loss
1 week
1 month
3 months
6 months

Answer 12

1 week) 1-2%
1 month) 5%
3 months) 7.5%
6 months) 10%

severe weight loss is just over this

Question 13

Ideal body fat for men and women

Answer 13

Men: 12-20%
Women: 20-30%

Question 14

When a you at risk for increased health risks?

Answer 14

> 22% fat (young men)
25% fat (men over 40)

> 32% fat (young women)
35% fat (women over 40)

Question 15

What waist:hip ratio should we be within?

Answer 15

women 0.8

men 1.0

Question 16

What waist circumference should we be within?

Answer 16

women 88cm

men 102cm

Question 17

What is the purpose of a biochemical assessment?

Answer 17

to detect subclinical or marginal deficiencies
To enhance/support other nutritional data
Find nutrients in blood/ urine
in vivo response to nutrient supplementation

Question 18

Unless someone is obese or serverly underweight it is difficult to determine their nutrition status. Instead, what would you do to determine this as a clinical assessment?

Answer 18

sign/symptoms of nutrition deficiency/toxicity
measure physiological performance and activities
oral and dental health
cognitive status
use of drugs

Question 19

Why can a complete dietary evaluation be difficult to do?

Answer 19

As there is so little time in the clinical setting

Question 20

What is the first question you would ask?

Answer 20

“hows your appetite been recently?”

Question 21

Which measurements of food consumption would you observe/report if possible

Answer 21

• quality of diet
• food consumption patterns (24hr recall)
• usage of supplements
• feeding practices
• food security/insecurity

Question 22

What does the SGA scoring sheet look at?

Answer 22

weight change
food consumption
GI tract

Question 23

What does the SGA scoring indicate?

Answer 23

6-7 normal/well nourished
3-5 mild/moderate malnourishment
1-2 malnourished

Question 24

What does a clinical review of systems mean generally?

Answer 24

appetite change, weight change, clothes fitting different, skin appearance (pinch test / liver disease/ beta-carotene)

Question 25

What does a clinical review of systems mean with the GI tract?

Answer 25

abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting
bowel changes
difficulty/ pain swallowing
indigestion/heartburn
oral (mouth lesions, ulcers, tooth decay)

Question 26

Nutritional status

Answer 26

balance between

nutrient intake and expenditure

Question 27

Two types of assessment you can do

Answer 27

Individual: diagnosis, screening, monitoring
Population: policy setting, nutritional surveillance, programme evaluation

Question 28

body weight =

Answer 28

fat + lean tissue (incl water)

Question 29

draw BMI chart

Answer 29

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