Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Digestive System > Gut and Blood Supply > Flashcards

Gut and Blood Supply Flashcards

1
Q

Coeliac Trunk divides into and supplies

A

left gastric
splenic
common hepatic
“foregut”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the spinal levels of the coeliac trunk, SMA and IMA?

A

Coeliac trunk= T12
SMA= L1
IMA= L3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Blood supply to the pancreas?

A

From both Coeliac trunk AND SMA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Component viscera of Foregut?

A 
oesophagus
stomach
Liver
proximal 1/2 duodenum 
*pancreas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Neurovascular supply and lymphatics to Foregut?

A

Arterial: branches off coeliac axis (abd. aorta @ T12)
Venous: Portal vein
Nerve Plexus: Coeliac plexus @ T12
Lymphatics: Pre-aortic nodes @ T12 (coeliac nodes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is pain referred to in foregut?

A

Epigastric region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Location of Stomach

A

Epigastric region (to left of midline)
Fundus: ~ ribs 5-6
Pylorus: L1 vertebral level at the ‘transpyloric plane’
Oesophagus meets stomach @ ~ costal cartilage 7-8

  • the stomach shape changes as it fills!
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Layers of stomach and what lines its inner wall?

A

Outer longitudinal
middle circular
inner oblique
‘Rugae’ lines the inner wall to increase SA & expandability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Arterial Supply of lesser curvature?

A
  • Left gastric (direct from coeliac trunk) > LC and distal oesophagus
  • Right Gastric (from common hepatic

These anastamose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Arterial supply of Greater curvature?

A
  • Left Gastro-omental (splenic)

- Right Gastro-omental (gastroduodenal (from CH))

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Arterial supply to Fundus

A 
Short Gastric (splenic)
"it sits up by the spleen"
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Condition where people eat there own hair?

A

Trichophagia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Structure of the foregut/midgut transition of the duodenum

Are these intra or retro peritoneal?

A

1st) Trans-pyloric plane is superior
2nd) Descends, wraps around head of pancreas (RHS of midline)
3rd) Inferior, crosses back over IVC & aorta (under SM vessels)
4th) Ascends to duodenojejunal flexure (LHS of midline)

1st = INTRA peritoneal
2nd, 3rd, 4th) RETROperitoneal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Neurovascular and lymphatics to Superior half of duodenum

A

Arterial: Superior pancreatoduodenal branches (gastroduodenal (coeliac))
ANS: Coeliac Plexus @ T12
Venous: direct to portal vein
Lymphatic: pre-aortic coealiac nodes @ T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Neurovascular and lymphatics to inferior half of duodenum

A

Arterial: inferior pancreatoduodenal branches (SMA)
ANS: Superior Mesenteric Plexus @ L1
Venous: SMV to then form portal vei
Lymphatic: Pre-aortic SM nodes @ L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Difference between an ampulla and a papilla

A 
Ampulla = swelling in a tube
Papilla = nipple like proccess (not to be confused with the sphincter that is a muscle)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ampulla of Vater

A

Union of common bile duct(liver) & main pancreatic duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Major duodenal papilla

A

Enters through descending duodenum (2nd part) and controls flow of bile (liver) and pancreatic juice (pancreas) into the duodenum vis the ‘sphincter of Oddi’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When is the minor duodenal papilla present

A

When the accessory duct is present (9%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Component viscera of midgut

A 
distal half of duodenum
jejunum
ileum
caecum&appendix
ascending colon
2/3 transverse colon
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Neurovascular and lymphatics

A

Arterial: Branches of SMA (abd. aorta @L1)
Venous: SMV
Nervous: SM plexus @ L1

Lymphatics: pre-aortic nodes @ L1 (SM nodes)

22
Q

Describe the Small intestine

A 
long thin muscular tube
6m long
2/5 jejunum
3/5 ileum
suspended via body wall by mesentery
23
Q

Mesentery

A
  • fan-shaped folds of peritoneum enclosing the gut tube

- allows ingress-egress of vessels, nerves and lymphatics

24
Q

Whats the main identifying difference between jejunum and ileum?

A

arterial arcade patterning
Jejunum = 1-2 arcades with long branches (vasa recta)
Ileum = more arcades with very short branches

25
Q

Arterial supply specifically to the small intestine?

A

branches of SMA (abd. aorta @L1)
jejunal arteries
ilieal arteries

26
Q

The junction between SI and Colon is called?

A

Ileocaecal Junction

27
Q

The flexures of the colon are? Which is higher?

A 
Hepatic flexure (by liver)
Splenic Flexure (by spleen)

Splenic flexure is higher as there is no liver pressing down on it

28
Q

Function of the large intestine

A

Absorbtion of water & electrolytes

Stores undigestable materials until expelled

29
Q

Haustra

A

Sacculations of the wall for storage

30
Q

Tenae Coli

A

Longitudinal muscles collected into 3 bands (continuous with smooth muscle of small intestine)

31
Q

Appendices Epiploicae and its clinical relevance

A

Fatty tags (none on Small intestine)

These can become inflammed and infected and mimic appendicitis

32
Q

The LI is found in all regions except

A

umbilical

33
Q

Midgut arterial supply

A

Midgut = from SMA @L1
caecum/appendix: caecal & appendicular arteries (ileocoelic art.)
Ascending colon: Right coelic art
Proximal 2/3 Trans colon: middle coelic & marginal art.

34
Q

Hindgut arterial supply

A

Hindgut = from IMA @L3
Distal 1/3 trans colon: marginal & left coelic art
Descending colon: left colic
sigmoid colon: sigmoid art

35
Q

Marginal artery

A

anastamotic point between SMA and IMA

36
Q

Weird thing ileocolic does?

A

Loops back on itself and anastamoses

37
Q

What part of the large intestine becomes muscularised and resembles SI

A

descending/sigmoid colon

38
Q

Midgut NV and lymphatic supply?

A

Art: branches of SMA @ L1
Veins: SMV
ANS: Superior mesenteric plexus @ L1
Lymphatics: Pre-aortic superior mesenteric nodes @ L1

39
Q

Hindgut NV and lymphatics supply?

A

Art: branches of IMA @ L3
Veins: IMV
ANS: Inferior mesenteric plexus @ L3
Lymphatics: Pre-aortic inferior mesenteric nodes @ L3

40
Q

What is the Rectum, where is it formed

A

The final storage deposit, SC becomes rectum @ S3 vertebral level.
Pierces pelvic diaphragm at tip of coccyx to become anal canal
Is retroperitoneal
Sup 1/3= covered in peritoneum
middle 1/3 = ant peirtoneum
inf 1/3= infraperitoneal

41
Q

Nervous supply and lymphatics of rectum

A

ANS:
prximal 1/3 = IM plexus @ L3
Distal 2/3 = inferior hypogastric plexus

Lymphatics:
Proximal 1/3: To preaortic nodes @ L3
Distal 2/3: To internal iliac nodes

42
Q

Portal vein =

A

Splenic(IMV) + SMV

43
Q

Parasympathetic Supply from

A 
Vagus nerve (CN 10)
also pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-4
44
Q

Sympathetic Supply from

A

thoracic, lumbar and sacral splanchnic nerve

- from T5-L2 sympathetic ganglia (the full amount is T1-L2)

45
Q

What do the PS and sympathetic control?

A
  • viscera, glands, BVs
  • smooth muscle
  • non-concious control
  • motor and sensory
46
Q

Splanchnic Nerves

A

specifically visceral nerves, go direct to organs.

Form plexus on aorta eg) coeliac, SMA plexus

47
Q

Foregut ANS > where is pain refered to

A

S: Greater splanchnic T5-9
PS: Vagus [X]

Epigastric region

48
Q

Midgut ANS > where is pain refered to

A

S: Lesser splanchnic T10-11
PS: Vagus [X]

Umbilical Region

49
Q

Hindgut ANS > where is pain refered to

A

S: lumbar (L1-2)/sacralsplanchnic(S2-4)
PS: Pelvic Splanchnic (S2-4)
*no pain referral to S2-4, only to T1-2

Suprapubic region

50
Q

Steps of Appendicitis?

A

1) appendix becomes inflamed (stretch recep.)
2) afferent sympathetic fibres refer back to T10-11 dermatomes
3) There’s a broad diffuse pain around umbilical region
4) Appendix grows until it starts pressing on body way = somatic sensory pain
5) Now pain is acute, localised to LRQ

Digestive System (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions