Nutritional Assessment Flashcards
a comprehensive approach to diagnosing nutrition problems that uses a combination (medical, nutrition, medication histories, physical examination; anthropometric measurement and laboratory data
Nutritional Assessment
ABCDEF Methods
Anthropometry
Biochemical and Biophysical
Clinical
Dietary
Ecological
Functional
The measurement of physical dimension and gross composition of body
example: weight, height body circumference, body fat
Anthropometry
Measuring a nutrient or it’s metabolite in blood, feces or urine or measuring a variety of other components in blood and other tissue that have relationship to nutritional status
Biochemical and biophysical
Used to detect signs and symptoms of malnutrition
clinical
are disease manifestations that the patient is usualy and often complains about
symptoms
are observations made by a qualified examiner during physical examination
signs
generally inolves survey measuring the quantity (quality) of the individual foods and beverages consumed during the course of one to several days or assesing the pattern of food use during the previous several months
dietary
assessment of ecological factors that are used to indicate nutritional status of an individual or population
ecological
a process to identify an individual who is malnourished or who is at risk for malnutrition to determine if a detailed nutrtion assessment is indicated
nutrtional screening
conducted to generate baseline nutrtional data, to learn overall nutrition status , and to identify subgroups at nutritional risk
nutritional survey
is a systemic approach used to detect malnutrtion and identify population at risk of suffering from it
nutrtional surveillance
the development of a disease and the chain of events leading to that disease
pathogenesis
indicates a bad nutrtional status
- refers to all deviation from adequat nutrition
malnutrition
the physiological state of an individual, which result from the relationship between nutrient intake and requirements and from the body’s ability to digest absorb and use these nutrients
nutritional status
a deficiency state due to lack of and/or one or more of the essential nutrients
undernutrition
examples of overnutrition
obesity
overweight
also known hidden hunger
- quality of fod people eat does not meet their nutrients requirement
micronutrient deficiency
refers to an excess of one or more nutrient but usually due to an excess energy
overnutrition
different types of undernutrition
- normal
- wasting
- stunting (low height for age)
- underweight (low weight for age)
an excessive accumulation of fat
obesity
body weight in excess of a particular and sometimes used as an index of obesity
overweight
caused by inability of the body to absorb certain nutrients or result from a poor diet
imbalance
deficiency of a specific nutrient
specific deficiency
excessive intake of a specific nutrient
toxicity
types of malnutrition
acute
chronic
primary
secondary
related to current state of nutrition, leading to rapid weight loss or failure to gain weight normally
acute malnutrition
related to pass state of nutrition, leding to failure of linear growth
chronic malnutrition
occurs when one or more nutrients are missing from the diet
primary
occurs when the supply of nutrients is adequate but deficiencies arise due to malabsorption
secondary malnutrition
