Nutrition Chapter 3 Flashcards
Hunger & Thirst - def
physical needs which drive how much and how often we eat.
Appetite - def
another powerful drive, but unreliable. We may eat without being hungry, or such.
How many cells do we have in our body?
Around 75 TRILLION.
Taste - how many and locations?
Sweet - tip of tongue Salty - sides of tongue. Sour - sides of tongue. bitter - back of tongue. Savory (umami, Japanese for delicious) - all over. Not all people have this!
Humans share an innate preference for ___(pleasure), ____ (electrolytes) and ____ (rich textures and aromas.)
Sweet, Salty, Fatty
Both hands contribute to tasting of foods. T/F?
NO, it’s our tongue and our nose!
Digestion - def
a multi-step process of breaking down foods into absorbable components using mechanical and chemical means in the GI tract.
How long is the GI tract?
23 feet!
Mechanical digestion - def
chewing, grinding, etc.
Chemical digestion - def
digestive juices, enzymes, etc.
Steps of digestion
Mouth - epiglottis closes off trachea - esophagus - Lower Esophageal Sphincter - stomach - pyloric sphincter - small intestine - ileocecal vale/ceum- large intestine - anus…poop!
Chyme - def
semi-liquid substance of partially digested food and digestive juices.
Bolus - def
food in GI tract.
Gastrin -
stimulates digestive activities and secretion of HCL.
Small intestine - 3 parts + lengths.
Duodenum - 10 inches.
Jejunum - 8 feet.
Ileum - 12 feet.
