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Nutrition > Nutrition Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Nutrition Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Nutrients - def

A

chemical compounds in foods to provide fuel for energy (measured in kilocalories), growth, maintenance and to regulate body processes.

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2
Q

Six classes of nutrients

A

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, Water

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3
Q

Phytochemicals

A

nonnutrient compounds that contribute to health and may play a role in fighting chronic disease.

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4
Q

What drives our food choices?

A

Cost, Taste/Culture, Social reasons, Habits/Emotions

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5
Q

Nutrition - def

A

a science that studies how nutrients and compounds in foods nourish and affect body functions and health.

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6
Q

True/False - Good nutrition plays a role in reducing the risk of many chronic diseases?

A

TRUE.

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7
Q

Macronutrients - def

A

energy-yielding nutrients needed in higher amounts. - carbs, lipids, proteins.

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8
Q

Micronutrients - def

A

needed in smaller amounts - like vitamins and water.

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9
Q

Six classes of nutrients are not essential - T/F?

A

FALSE. They are very essential!

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10
Q

How much energy do carbs, fats, and protein provide?

A

Carbs - 4kcal/g
Proteins - 4kcal/g
Fats - 9kcal/g

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11
Q

Basic info on Carbs

A

supply glucose, a major energy source.

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12
Q

Basic info on Fats

A

another major food source. cushion organs.

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13
Q

Proteins - basic info

A

Growth and maintenance of muscle, tissues, organs. Making hormones, etc.

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14
Q

Vitamins and minerals are not essential for metabolism..T/F?

A

FALSE. They are!

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15
Q

Vitamins are __ compounds and minerals are __ compounds.

A

Organic/Inorganic.

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16
Q

You are what you ___

A

eat.

17
Q

The best way to meet your nutrient needs is with a _____

A

well balanced diet.

18
Q

Average American diet is high in …

A

sodium, saturated fat, calories.

19
Q

Average American diet is low in….

A

Vitamin E, Calcium, fiber.

20
Q

__ % of american adults are overweight.

A

65%

21
Q

__ % of children are overweight

A

15%

22
Q

Healthy People 2020 - some goals/def.

A

Disease prevention and health promotion objectives for Americans to meet in the second decade of twenty-first century. Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death, achieve health equity, etc.

23
Q

Consensus - def

A

the opinion of a group of experts based on collection of information.

24
Q

Rickets - what is it?

A

Severe vitamin D deficiency.

25
Q

We should read studies and media reports carefully. We should also look for how it was done, when, and on who. T/F?

A

TRUE.

26
Q

Steps of the Scientific Method (4)

A
  1. Observe and ask a question.
  2. Formulate a hypothesis.
  3. Conduct an experiment.
  4. Prove/Not Prove.
27
Q

Observational Research - def

A

involves looking at factors in two or more groups of subjects to see if there is a relationship to certain health outcomes.

28
Q

Epidemiological research - def

A

study of populations of people.

29
Q

Experimental research - def

A

involves at least two groups of subjects.

30
Q

Experimental group - is given…

A

given a specific treatment

31
Q

Control group.. is given

A

a placebo

32
Q

Double-blind-placebo-controlled

A

gold standard. No one really knows who is getting what!

33
Q

Registered Dietician -

A

bachelor’s degree. Passed an exam to get the title.

34
Q

Public Health Nutritionist -

A

has a degree in nutrition but may not be an RD. Not eligible to take the certification exam.

35
Q

Nutritional Genomics - def

A

study of how specific food components affect gene expression in your cells and thereby your health.

36
Q

Low Calories - <___

A

<40

37
Q

Low Fat - <___

A

<3gram

38
Q

Low Sodium – <___

A

<140mg

Nutrition (12 decks)

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